CAJ | 학술논문

近年来北京城市区域雾霾天气显著增加,不仅严重影响工农业生产和交通运输,还严重影响人体健康.2007年夏秋季节,北京325 m气象塔8、80和240m平台梯度观测结果表明,雾、霾、晴三种典型天气状况大气细粒子质量浓度垂直分布各有特点,雾天(11月5～6日)低层浓度明显偏高,6日从低到高3层PM2.5(空气动力学直径小于等于2.5μ的大气气溶胶)浓度日均值分别为352.6±79.3、224.7±69.0、214.8±32.8 μg·m~(-3);霾天(8月19～20日)细粒子上下混合均匀,19日从低到高3层PM2.5浓度分别为89.8±29.3、88.9±29.8、90.0±31.7 μg·m~(-3);晴天(8月22～23日)细粒子昼夜变化明显,夜间在80 m高度出现明显分层,23日80 m以下平均值为32.6±13.1μg·m~(-3),240 m平均值为27.4±13.5μg·m~(-3).雾天细粒子主要来源于局地,霾天细粒子污染表现为时空分布十分均匀的城市群区域污染特征且污染物积累;连续晴天细粒子明显被清除.
근년래북경성시구역무매천기현저증가,불부엄중영향공농업생산화교통운수,환엄중영향인체건강.2007년하추계절,북경325 m기상탑8、80화240m평태제도관측결과표명,무、매、청삼충전형천기상황대기세입자질량농도수직분포각유특점,무천(11월5～6일)저층농도명현편고,6일종저도고3층PM2.5(공기동역학직경소우등우2.5μ적대기기용효)농도일균치분별위352.6±79.3、224.7±69.0、214.8±32.8 μg·m~(-3);매천(8월19～20일)세입자상하혼합균균,19일종저도고3층PM2.5농도분별위89.8±29.3、88.9±29.8、90.0±31.7 μg·m~(-3);청천(8월22～23일)세입자주야변화명현,야간재80 m고도출현명현분층,23일80 m이하평균치위32.6±13.1μg·m~(-3),240 m평균치위27.4±13.5μg·m~(-3).무천세입자주요래원우국지,매천세입자오염표현위시공분포십분균균적성시군구역오염특정차오염물적루;련속청천세입자명현피청제.
Fog and haze days in Beijing are significantly increasmg in recent years, which can influence traffic, in-dustry, and agriculture seriously.Furthermore, the toxicant aerosol particulate can harm human health seriously.In order to identify the vertical distribution of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) under different weather conditions, three instruments used for measuring the mass concentration of PM2.5 were installed on 8, 80, and 240 m platform in 325-m Beijing meteorological tower during the summer and autumn of 2007.Results show that there are obvious differences in the vertical distribution of PM2.5 concentration under different weather conditions. During the foggy period (5-6 November) , the daily average PM2.5 concentrations at 8, 80, and 240 m were 352.6±79.3, 224.7±69.0, and 214.8±32.8 μg · m~(-3) , respectively, on 6 November, the PM2.5 concentration altered obviously. In haze days (19-20 August) , PM2.5 mixed uniformly, the daily average concentrations at 8, 80, and 240 m were 89.8±29.3, 88.9±29.8, and 90.0±31.7 μg· m~(-3) on 19 August. During the sunny days (22-23 August) , the concentrations of PM2.5 show a very distinct diural variation There was an obvious vertical layer structure, especially at night. The aerosol mixed uniformly on 23 August. The daily average PM2.5 concentrations for 8-80 m and 240 m were 32.6±13.1 and 27.4±13.5 μg · m~(-3) , respectively. The particles of fog were mainly from local sources.However, the particles of haze were maily from regional sources, and showed an increasing trend in concentration There was an elimination process of PM2.5 during the continuous fine days.