CAJ | 학술논문

通过田间试验,研究了采用猪粪堆肥、中药渣堆肥和鸡粪堆肥为原料制成的有机无机复合肥与无机复合肥等氮量施入对油菜产量、氮素利用率、土壤供氮特征以及土壤微生物多样性的影响.结果表明:各施肥处理油菜籽产量均显著高于对照的油菜籽产量.与化肥处理比较,三种堆肥原料的有机无机复合肥的油菜籽产量显著高于化肥处理,较化肥增产12.7% ～33.2%.各有机无机复合肥处理均能增加油菜单株有效角果数.三种有机无机复合肥处理均能显著促进油菜对氮素的吸收,从而提高了氮素利用率.与化肥处理和不施肥处理比较,三种堆肥原料的有机无机复合肥处理能够明显提高土壤有效态氮的含量,调节土壤氮素的释放速度.采用邻接法分析各处理土壤DNA条带表明:5个处理土壤样品的细菌群落共分为三大族群,化肥处理与对照处理为一种族群,中药渣处理为一种族群,猪粪处理和鸡粪处理属一种族群.说明施入外源有机物质(猪粪、鸡粪与中药渣)可能改变土壤的细菌群落结构,而施入化肥对土壤的细菌群落结构影响较小.
통과전간시험,연구료채용저분퇴비、중약사퇴비화계분퇴비위원료제성적유궤무궤복합비여무궤복합비등담량시입대유채산량、담소이용솔、토양공담특정이급토양미생물다양성적영향.결과표명:각시비처리유채자산량균현저고우대조적유채자산량.여화비처리비교,삼충퇴비원료적유궤무궤복합비적유채자산량현저고우화비처리,교화비증산12.7% ～33.2%.각유궤무궤복합비처리균능증가유채단주유효각과수.삼충유궤무궤복합비처리균능현저촉진유채대담소적흡수,종이제고료담소이용솔.여화비처리화불시비처리비교,삼충퇴비원료적유궤무궤복합비처리능구명현제고토양유효태담적함량,조절토양담소적석방속도.채용린접법분석각처리토양DNA조대표명:5개처리토양양품적세균군락공분위삼대족군,화비처리여대조처리위일충족군,중약사처리위일충족군,저분처리화계분처리속일충족군.설명시입외원유궤물질(저분、계분여중약사)가능개변토양적세균군락결구,이시입화비대토양적세균군락결구영향교소.
Field experiments were carried out to study effect of chemical fertilizer (CF) and different composts on yield of rapeseeds, nitrogen use efficiency and soil nitrogen supply and soil microbial diversity. Pig manure compost (PMC),Chinese medicinal herb residue compost (MRC) and chicken manure compost (CMC) were mixed separately with chemical fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium). All the treatments, except the CK, received the same rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Results show that all the fertilization treatments were higher in yield than CK. Compared with Treatment CF, the treatments of organic-inorganic compound increased the yield by 12.7% ～33.2%, promoted nitrogen uptake and increased dry matter accumulation, thus increasing nitrogen use efficiency. Besides, they also improved soil nitrogen supply compared with Treatment CF and CK. Eighbor Joining analysis indicated that, in terms of bacteria in the soils, the five treatments could be classified into three clusters. The soil bacterial communities in Treatment CF and CK belonged to the same cluster, while Treatment MRC to the second cluster, and Treatments PMC and CMC to the third cluster. Application of organic fertilizers altered soil bacterial communities, while application of CF had little effect.