CAJ | 학술논문

本文对云杉八齿小蠹化学生态的研究进展进行了综述.云杉八齿小蠹在中欧的大面积爆发激发了广大林业科学工作者对其化学生态学的广泛研究.在寻找寄主的过程中,雄性找到寄主后释放化学信息物质吸引雄性和雌性的聚集.开始发起进攻的小蠹在找寻寄主的过程中能利用寄主树脂作为利己素,并能够在体内解毒后合成可被利用的化学信息物质.在云杉八齿小蠹雄性的中肠中,我们发现9种单萜类化合物,主要是反式马鞭草烯醇和2-甲基3-己烯2-醇,这两种物质被认为是云杉八齿小蠹聚集信息素的主要成分.小蠹二烯醇的含量虽然很低但是能显著提高马鞭草烯醇和2-甲基3-己烯2-醇的野外诱集作用.马鞭草烯酮和小蠹烯醇是反聚集信息素,在调节攻击密度和树皮下的种群密度的过程中起着重要的作用.本文主要综述了寄主抗性、信息素成分和小蠹虫行为之间的关系.野外生测的结果证明利用信息素防治云杉八齿小蠹是行之有效的防治方法.表1参67.
본문대운삼팔치소두화학생태적연구진전진행료종술.운삼팔치소두재중구적대면적폭발격발료엄대임업과학공작자대기화학생태학적엄범연구.재심조기주적과정중,웅성조도기주후석방화학신식물질흡인웅성화자성적취집.개시발기진공적소두재조심기주적과정중능이용기주수지작위이기소,병능구재체내해독후합성가피이용적화학신식물질.재운삼팔치소두웅성적중장중,아문발현9충단첩류화합물,주요시반식마편초희순화2-갑기3-기희2-순,저량충물질피인위시운삼팔치소두취집신식소적주요성분.소두이희순적함량수연흔저단시능현저제고마편초희순화2-갑기3-기희2-순적야외유집작용.마편초희동화소두희순시반취집신식소,재조절공격밀도화수피하적충군밀도적과정중기착중요적작용.본문주요종술료기주항성、신식소성분화소두충행위지간적관계.야외생측적결과증명이용신식소방치운삼팔치소두시행지유효적방치방법.표1삼67.
Chemical ecology of the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus (L.) was reviewed. The outbreak of I. Typographus in central Europe triggered extensive research on chemical ecology. Males initiate host location and produce semiochemicals which attract both males and females. A successful mass attack must first overcome the resistance of the host tree. Pioneer I. Typographus evolved to use the resin flow of host trees as kairomones in host location, and synthesized semiochemicals initially to detoxify the resin. If small bark beetle populations infest healthy trees, mass attack is prevented by host resistance. Nine monoterpene alcohols were found in male hind-guts, including cis-verbenol (cV) and 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol (MB) which are regarded as primary aggregation pheromones, and a low proportion of Ipsdienol (Id) which increases attractiveness of cV and MB. Verbenone (Vn) and Ipsenol (Ie) are anti-aggregation pheromones, that play important roles in adjusting attack density and insect density under the bark. Non-host volatiles are repellent to I. Typographus, so that beetles do not waste energy boring into non-host trees. The relationship between host resistance, pheromone compounds and behavior, non-host volatiles, bioassays and mass trapping are reviewed. Results of field bioassays stressed that traps baited with specific pheromones could be used as a reasonable protection measure.