中华老年医学杂志
中華老年醫學雜誌
중화노년의학잡지
Chinese Journal of Geriatrics
2009年
10期
870-872
,共3页
交叉感染%前瞻性研究%回顾性研究
交扠感染%前瞻性研究%迴顧性研究
교차감염%전첨성연구%회고성연구
Cross infection%Prospective studies%Retrospectivs studies
目的 探讨年龄≥75岁的住院患者医院感染的临床特点. 方法 监测我院2007-2008年收治的共计2675例年龄≥75岁的住院患者医院感染情况,以前瞻性调查为主辅以回顾性调查,然后对感染率、感染病死率、平均住院日、感染部位、主要病原菌和常见原发病等进行归纳总结和统计学分析. 结果 2675例年龄≥75岁的住院患者中共有222例发生医院感染,医院感染发生率8.3%,高于同期我院全年龄组医院感染发生率1.9%(759/40816),P<0.01;感染病死率0.8%(21/2675),同期我院全年龄组医院感染病死率为0.1%(57/40816),P<0.01;平均住院时间54.0 d,高于全院平均水平20.1 d;感染部位以下呼吸道最常见,其次为泌尿道和血液系统;感染病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌最常见,占47.0%(110/234),其次为革兰阳性球菌32.9%(77/234)和真菌20.1%(47/234);原发病以脑血管疾病最常见,65例(29.3%),其次依次为恶性肿瘤45例(20.3%)、肾脏疾病31例(14.0%)、心血管疾病29例(13.1%)、呼吸系统疾病21例(9.5%). 结论 老年住院患者医院感染具有发生率高、病死率高、住院时间长、下呼吸道感染为主,病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主等特点,应针对这些特点采取相应措施防控医院感染的发生.
目的 探討年齡≥75歲的住院患者醫院感染的臨床特點. 方法 鑑測我院2007-2008年收治的共計2675例年齡≥75歲的住院患者醫院感染情況,以前瞻性調查為主輔以迴顧性調查,然後對感染率、感染病死率、平均住院日、感染部位、主要病原菌和常見原髮病等進行歸納總結和統計學分析. 結果 2675例年齡≥75歲的住院患者中共有222例髮生醫院感染,醫院感染髮生率8.3%,高于同期我院全年齡組醫院感染髮生率1.9%(759/40816),P<0.01;感染病死率0.8%(21/2675),同期我院全年齡組醫院感染病死率為0.1%(57/40816),P<0.01;平均住院時間54.0 d,高于全院平均水平20.1 d;感染部位以下呼吸道最常見,其次為泌尿道和血液繫統;感染病原菌以革蘭陰性桿菌最常見,佔47.0%(110/234),其次為革蘭暘性毬菌32.9%(77/234)和真菌20.1%(47/234);原髮病以腦血管疾病最常見,65例(29.3%),其次依次為噁性腫瘤45例(20.3%)、腎髒疾病31例(14.0%)、心血管疾病29例(13.1%)、呼吸繫統疾病21例(9.5%). 結論 老年住院患者醫院感染具有髮生率高、病死率高、住院時間長、下呼吸道感染為主,病原菌以革蘭陰性桿菌為主等特點,應針對這些特點採取相應措施防控醫院感染的髮生.
목적 탐토년령≥75세적주원환자의원감염적림상특점. 방법 감측아원2007-2008년수치적공계2675례년령≥75세적주원환자의원감염정황,이전첨성조사위주보이회고성조사,연후대감염솔、감염병사솔、평균주원일、감염부위、주요병원균화상견원발병등진행귀납총결화통계학분석. 결과 2675례년령≥75세적주원환자중공유222례발생의원감염,의원감염발생솔8.3%,고우동기아원전년령조의원감염발생솔1.9%(759/40816),P<0.01;감염병사솔0.8%(21/2675),동기아원전년령조의원감염병사솔위0.1%(57/40816),P<0.01;평균주원시간54.0 d,고우전원평균수평20.1 d;감염부위이하호흡도최상견,기차위비뇨도화혈액계통;감염병원균이혁란음성간균최상견,점47.0%(110/234),기차위혁란양성구균32.9%(77/234)화진균20.1%(47/234);원발병이뇌혈관질병최상견,65례(29.3%),기차의차위악성종류45례(20.3%)、신장질병31례(14.0%)、심혈관질병29례(13.1%)、호흡계통질병21례(9.5%). 결론 노년주원환자의원감염구유발생솔고、병사솔고、주원시간장、하호흡도감염위주,병원균이혁란음성간균위주등특점,응침대저사특점채취상응조시방공의원감염적발생.
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of nosocomial infections in senile inpatients(≥75 years old) and to propose the control strategy according to the analysis. Methods A total of 2675 senile inpatients(≥75 years old) from 2007 to 2008 were prospectively evaluated and retrospectively reviewed. The infection incidence rate, infection fatality rate, average length of stay in hospitals, location of infections, main pathogenic bacteria and common protopathy were analyzed. Results Among 2675 senile inpatients, 222 senile inpatients suffered from nosocomial infection. Among all age groups in this hospital during the same period, the infection incidence rate and the infection fatality rate were higher in the senile group than in the general group(8.3% vs. 1.9%, 0.8% vs. 0.1%,both P<0.01). The average length of stay in our hospital was 54.0 days. The lower respiratory tract infections were most common, and the urinary system infections, and the blood infections. Gram-negative bacteria was the major source of nosocomial infection(47.0%, 110/234), while infection rate of Gram-positive bacteria was 32.9% (77/234) and fungus was 20.1% (47/234). The cerebral vascular disease was the most common protopathy, then malignant tumor was in 45 cases (20.3%), kidney disease was in 31 cases(14.0%), cardiac disease was in 29 cases(13.1%) and respiratory disease was in 21 cases(9.5%). Conclusions There are higher infection incidence rate, higher infection fatality rates,longer length of stay in hospitals in senile inpatients(≥75 years old). The lower respiratory tract infections were most common and Gram-negative bacteria was the major source of nosocomial infection. We should adopt active management to control the nosocomial infections.
