中华预防医学杂志
中華預防醫學雜誌
중화예방의학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF
2012年
3期
214-219
,共6页
职业%人群%生活方式%自测健康
職業%人群%生活方式%自測健康
직업%인군%생활방식%자측건강
Occupational%Population%Life style%Self-rated health
目的 了解我国6个省(市、自治区)5类城市职业人群生活方式和自测健康状况,探索城市职业人群健康影响因素.方法 于2009年5-8月,采用多阶段分层抽样方法,在北京、辽宁、浙江、湖北、宁夏和青海抽取13 492名18 ～60岁的公务员、科技人员、企事业管理人员、教师、体力劳动者5类城市职业人员,进行《中国城市职业人群生活方式调查》和《自测健康评定量表》问卷调查,采用多元线性回归分析生活方式对生理健康子量表得分的影响.结果 《中国城市职业人群生活方式调查》共收到有效问卷13 073份,有效回收率为96.9％；《自测健康评定量表》共收到有效问卷13 177份,有效回收率为97.7％.46.9％( 6136/13 073)调查对象每天按时吃饭,50.9％(6658/13073)的调查对象坚持每天吃早餐,27.8％(3635/13073)的调查对象日均工作时间大于8h；31.0％ (4057/13 073)的调查对象从不进行锻炼,14.6％( 1906/13 073)的调查对象业余时间静坐大于4h,39.3％(5137/13073)的调查对象饮酒,24.8％ (3230/13 073)的调查对象现在吸烟.调查对象《自测健康评定量表》总分为(73.34±11.86)分.公务员总量表得分最高[(74.83±11.89)分],教师得分最低[(71.65±11.44)分](P＜0.05).多元线性回归显示,女性(b=-0.945,b'=-0.041)、年龄大(b=-0.098,b'=- 0.087)、教师(b=-2.151,b'=- 0.074)、离异者(b=-1.607,b'=-0.021)、丧偶者(b=-2.926,b'=-0.019)、吸烟者(b=-1.198,b'=-0.045)生理健康状况较差；文化程度高(b =0.588,b'=0.037)、按时吃饭(b=2.301,b'=0.141)、每天吃早饭(b=1.503,b'=0.096)、注意营养搭配(b=0.499,b'=0.021)、注意锻炼者(b=1.820,b'=0.058)生理健康状况较好(P值均＜0.05).结论 职业人群不按时吃饭、工作时间长、运动不足、静坐时间长、吸烟、喝酒等不良生活方式普遍存在,自测生理健康状况与性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、饮食与运动等因素有关.
目的 瞭解我國6箇省(市、自治區)5類城市職業人群生活方式和自測健康狀況,探索城市職業人群健康影響因素.方法 于2009年5-8月,採用多階段分層抽樣方法,在北京、遼寧、浙江、湖北、寧夏和青海抽取13 492名18 ～60歲的公務員、科技人員、企事業管理人員、教師、體力勞動者5類城市職業人員,進行《中國城市職業人群生活方式調查》和《自測健康評定量錶》問捲調查,採用多元線性迴歸分析生活方式對生理健康子量錶得分的影響.結果 《中國城市職業人群生活方式調查》共收到有效問捲13 073份,有效迴收率為96.9％；《自測健康評定量錶》共收到有效問捲13 177份,有效迴收率為97.7％.46.9％( 6136/13 073)調查對象每天按時喫飯,50.9％(6658/13073)的調查對象堅持每天喫早餐,27.8％(3635/13073)的調查對象日均工作時間大于8h；31.0％ (4057/13 073)的調查對象從不進行鍛煉,14.6％( 1906/13 073)的調查對象業餘時間靜坐大于4h,39.3％(5137/13073)的調查對象飲酒,24.8％ (3230/13 073)的調查對象現在吸煙.調查對象《自測健康評定量錶》總分為(73.34±11.86)分.公務員總量錶得分最高[(74.83±11.89)分],教師得分最低[(71.65±11.44)分](P＜0.05).多元線性迴歸顯示,女性(b=-0.945,b'=-0.041)、年齡大(b=-0.098,b'=- 0.087)、教師(b=-2.151,b'=- 0.074)、離異者(b=-1.607,b'=-0.021)、喪偶者(b=-2.926,b'=-0.019)、吸煙者(b=-1.198,b'=-0.045)生理健康狀況較差；文化程度高(b =0.588,b'=0.037)、按時喫飯(b=2.301,b'=0.141)、每天喫早飯(b=1.503,b'=0.096)、註意營養搭配(b=0.499,b'=0.021)、註意鍛煉者(b=1.820,b'=0.058)生理健康狀況較好(P值均＜0.05).結論 職業人群不按時喫飯、工作時間長、運動不足、靜坐時間長、吸煙、喝酒等不良生活方式普遍存在,自測生理健康狀況與性彆、年齡、文化程度、職業、飲食與運動等因素有關.
목적 료해아국6개성(시、자치구)5류성시직업인군생활방식화자측건강상황,탐색성시직업인군건강영향인소.방법 우2009년5-8월,채용다계단분층추양방법,재북경、료녕、절강、호북、저하화청해추취13 492명18 ～60세적공무원、과기인원、기사업관리인원、교사、체력노동자5류성시직업인원,진행《중국성시직업인군생활방식조사》화《자측건강평정량표》문권조사,채용다원선성회귀분석생활방식대생리건강자량표득분적영향.결과 《중국성시직업인군생활방식조사》공수도유효문권13 073빈,유효회수솔위96.9％；《자측건강평정량표》공수도유효문권13 177빈,유효회수솔위97.7％.46.9％( 6136/13 073)조사대상매천안시흘반,50.9％(6658/13073)적조사대상견지매천흘조찬,27.8％(3635/13073)적조사대상일균공작시간대우8h；31.0％ (4057/13 073)적조사대상종불진행단련,14.6％( 1906/13 073)적조사대상업여시간정좌대우4h,39.3％(5137/13073)적조사대상음주,24.8％ (3230/13 073)적조사대상현재흡연.조사대상《자측건강평정량표》총분위(73.34±11.86)분.공무원총량표득분최고[(74.83±11.89)분],교사득분최저[(71.65±11.44)분](P＜0.05).다원선성회귀현시,녀성(b=-0.945,b'=-0.041)、년령대(b=-0.098,b'=- 0.087)、교사(b=-2.151,b'=- 0.074)、리이자(b=-1.607,b'=-0.021)、상우자(b=-2.926,b'=-0.019)、흡연자(b=-1.198,b'=-0.045)생리건강상황교차；문화정도고(b =0.588,b'=0.037)、안시흘반(b=2.301,b'=0.141)、매천흘조반(b=1.503,b'=0.096)、주의영양탑배(b=0.499,b'=0.021)、주의단련자(b=1.820,b'=0.058)생리건강상황교호(P치균＜0.05).결론 직업인군불안시흘반、공작시간장、운동불족、정좌시간장、흡연、갈주등불량생활방식보편존재,자측생리건강상황여성별、년령、문화정도、직업、음식여운동등인소유관.
Objective To know about the status of self-rated health and life style among 5 kinds of occupational populations in 6 provinces in China and to explore the influencing factors related with health of the occupational population.Methods From May to August 2009,a total of 13 492 persons aged 18 -60 years including civil servants,scientific and technical personnel,administrative staff,teachers and physical workers were selected by multi-stage stratified sampling from Beijing city,Ningxia Hui autonomous region,Liaoning,Zhejiang,Hubei and Qinghai provinces to undergo surveys on the Lifestyle of Occupational Population in Urban in China and Self-rated Health Measurement Scale Version 1.0 ( SRHMS V1.0 ).The effects of lifestyles on health scores were analyzed by logistic linear regression.Results Overall,13 073valid questionnaires of the Lifestyle of Occupational Population in Urban in China and 13 177 valid questionnaires of SRHMS V1.0 were collected.The valid rate was 96.9％ and 97.7％ respectively.Among the respondents,46.9％ (6136/13 073) ate timely in a day,50.9％ (6658/13 073) ate breakfast every day,27.8％(3635/13 073) worked over 8 hours per day,31.0％ (4057/13 073) didn't do any exercises,14.6％ ( 1906/13 073) sat for over4 hours in spare time,39.3％ (5137/13 073) were drinking and 24.8％ (3230/13 073) were current smokers.The average score of SRHMS of all respondents was 73.34 ± 11.86,of which the civil servant had the highest score ( 74.83 ± 11.89 ) while the teacher had the lowest score (71.65 ± 11.44,P ＜0.05 ).The results of multiple linear regression showed that females( b =-0.945,b' =-0.041 ),the elderly ( b =- 0.098,b' =- 0.087 ),teachers ( b =- 2.151,b' =- 0.074 ),the divorced ( b =- 1.607,b' =- 0.021 ),the widowed ( b =- 2.926,b' =- 0.019 ),and smokers ( b =- 1.198,b' =-0.045 ) were with worse condition.Respondents with higher education ( b =0.588,b' =0.037 ),eating timely( b =2.301,b' =0.141 ),eating breakfast every day (b =1.503,b' =0.096),paying more attention on diet (b=0.499,b'=0.021 ) and doing more exercises (b=1.820,b'=0.058) had better condition.Conclusion Eating irregularly,working long hours,lack of exercise,sitting for long hours,smoking and drinking were common among occuptational population.The self-rated physical health status was associated with gender,age,education level,occupation,diet and exercise.
