CAJ | 학술논문

目的 277例孕产妇体格状况、营养状况及其超声骨密度的调查,共检测和调查277例健康孕产妇.方法在孕8～9个月时填写膳食调查问卷,之后追踪到产后,并对该产妇及其出生后2个月婴儿做营养状况评估和骨密度测定.结果 ①孕妇整个孕期体重平均增加约17 kg左右,达到和超过膳食指南提出的理想体重的增量;从体重的增长情况发现,此277例孕妇营养状况明显优于全国大城市的水平.②每日摄入的奶、豆制品、鱼、禽、蛋、瘦肉达到了我国膳食指南的标准,明显好于全国调查的结果 .③腓肠肌痉挛发生率为57.4%,与全国样本之间差异无显著性.④腓肠肌痉挛与孕期总摄入奶制品数量、总摄入奶制品含钙量、孕期平均日晒时间、母亲孕期肉食摄入量、母亲分娩前体重有明显相关关系.⑤孕期腓肠肌痉挛与产后母亲骨密度、婴儿骨密度之间没有比例关系和相关关系.结论此277例孕妇体重增长理想,孕期营养状况良好,膳食摄入比较合理,达到了孕期膳食指南的标准;得到了北京部分正常产妇超声骨密度的结果 ;孕期总摄入奶制品数量少、总摄入奶制品含钙量低、孕期平均日晒时间长、母亲孕期肉食摄入量多、母亲分娩前体重多者更容易出现孕期腓肠肌痉挛;孕期腓肠肌痉挛与产后母亲骨密度、婴儿骨密度之间无相关关系.
목적 277례잉산부체격상황、영양상황급기초성골밀도적조사,공검측화조사277례건강잉산부.방법 재잉8～9개월시전사선식조사문권,지후추종도산후,병대해산부급기출생후2개월영인주영양상황평고화골밀도측정.결과 ①잉부정개잉기체중평균증가약17 kg좌우,체도화초과선식지남제출적이상체중적증량;종체중적증장정황발현,차277례잉부영양상황명현우우전국대성시적수평.②매일섭입적내、두제품、어、금、단、수육체도료아국선식지남적표준,명현호우전국조사적결과 .③비장기경련발생솔위57.4%,여전국양본지간차이무현저성.④비장기경련여잉기총섭입내제품수량、총섭입내제품함개량、잉기평균일쇄시간、모친잉기육식섭입량、모친분면전체중유명현상관관계.⑤잉기비장기경련여산후모친골밀도、영인골밀도지간몰유비례관계화상관관계.결론 차277례잉부체중증장이상,잉기영양상황량호,선식섭입비교합리,체도료잉기선식지남적표준;득도료북경부분정상산부초성골밀도적결과 ;잉기총섭입내제품수량소、총섭입내제품함개량저、잉기평균일쇄시간장、모친잉기육식섭입량다、모친분면전체중다자경용역출현잉기비장기경련;잉기비장기경련여산후모친골밀도、영인골밀도지간무상관관계.
Objective 277 cases pregnant and puerperant body constitution and nutritional status and bone mineral density ultrasound investigation. Methods Detection and investigation of a total of 277 cases of healthy babies and their mothers. Fill out the dietary questionnaire when mothers are 8～9 months pregnant and then follow-up to the post-natal, assess the nutritional status and mineral density of the mother, the newborn and the 2-month-old baby.Results ①Weight of pregnant women has increased an average of about 17 kg throughout the pregnancy, which reaches and exceeds the Dietary Guidelines proposed for ideal body weight increment; the growth of body weight revealed that the nutritional status of pregnant women is superior to the level of major cities in the country. ② Daily intake of milk, soy products, fish, poultry, eggs, lean meat of pregnant women has reached the standard of Chinas Dietary Guidelines, significantly better than the national results of the survey. ③ The incidence of the gastrocnemius muscle cramps in pregnant women is 57.4%, no significant difference compared to the national samples. ④ Gastrocnemius muscle cramps during pregnancy in pregnant women has a clear correlation with the following data: the total intake of calcium from dairy products during pregnancy, the average sunshine time during pregnancy, maternal meat intake during pregnancy, and maternal body weight before delivery. ⑤ There is no correlation and ratio relation between Gastrocnemius muscle cramps during pregnancy and bone mineral density of both postpartum mothers and infants.Conclusion The survey revealed ideal weight gain of pregnant women in pregnancy, good nutrition during pregnancy, and reasonable dietary intake, better than the national average, reaching the standard dietary guidelines during pregnancy; get such result that part of the maternal ultrasound bone density results are normal in Beijing; mothers under the following conditions are more likely to have spastic gastrocnemius: small number of total dairy products intake during pregnancy, low total calcium intake from dairy products during pregnancy, low average sunshine time during pregnancy, low maternal meat intake during pregnancy and heavier maternal body weight before delivery. Moreover, there is no correlation and ratio relation between gastrocnemius muscle cramps during pregnancy and bone mineral density of both postpartum mothers and infants.