CAJ | 학술논문

背景:由于人体的绝对个性化特点,标准人工假体与患者骨骼之间的误差使二者难以很好匹配.计算机辅助设计和制造个体化假体克服了其他假体的缺点,可有效地延长人工关节的使用寿命和使用质量,并可能解决人工关节的翻修问题.国内的研究尚处于起步阶段.目的:基于CT图像的三维重建,探求个体化股骨假体计算机辅助设计在提高假体与病变骨骼匹配度中的作用.方法:CT扫描对象为1例健康男性志愿者,排除髋关节疾患.采用GE Speed Light 16排螺旋CT对股骨中上段进行层厚3 mm扫描,得到CT数据的二维图像,利用自主开发的数据格式转换软件将CT图像转换为bmp格式.对位图编辑预处理,用Mimics8.1软件进行矢量化处理,提取股骨内外轮廓.然后输入Mimics8.1和Rapidform2004三维反求工程软件中,生成股骨内外轮廓的特征曲线,重建股骨三维模型.将股骨髓腔的特征轮廓曲线dxf文件输入计算机辅助设计建模软件Solidworks2004中,以此股骨髓腔轮廓为基础,完成个体化股骨假体的设计.结果与结论:利用自主开发的数据格式转换软件,实现了CT图像信息的矢量转换.以CT二维图像为依据,进行三维反求,可获得精确的股骨内外轮廓三维实体模型.采用反求工程与正向计算机辅助设计相结合,可设计出匹配良好的个体化股骨假体.提示反求工程和计算机辅助设计技术为个体化假体的研制提供了一个有效可行的途径,解决假体与病变骨骼的良好匹配,可防止假体松动,提高其长期稳定性.
배경:유우인체적절대개성화특점,표준인공가체여환자골격지간적오차사이자난이흔호필배.계산궤보조설계화제조개체화가체극복료기타가체적결점,가유효지연장인공관절적사용수명화사용질량,병가능해결인공관절적번수문제.국내적연구상처우기보계단.목적:기우CT도상적삼유중건,탐구개체화고골가체계산궤보조설계재제고가체여병변골격필배도중적작용.방법:CT소묘대상위1례건강남성지원자,배제관관절질환.채용GE Speed Light 16배라선CT대고골중상단진행층후3 mm소묘,득도CT수거적이유도상,이용자주개발적수거격식전환연건장CT도상전환위bmp격식.대위도편집예처리,용Mimics8.1연건진행시양화처리,제취고골내외륜곽.연후수입Mimics8.1화Rapidform2004삼유반구공정연건중,생성고골내외륜곽적특정곡선,중건고골삼유모형.장고골수강적특정륜곽곡선dxf문건수입계산궤보조설계건모연건Solidworks2004중,이차고골수강륜곽위기출,완성개체화고골가체적설계.결과여결론:이용자주개발적수거격식전환연건,실현료CT도상신식적시량전환.이CT이유도상위의거,진행삼유반구,가획득정학적고골내외륜곽삼유실체모형.채용반구공정여정향계산궤보조설계상결합,가설계출필배량호적개체화고골가체.제시반구공정화계산궤보조설계기술위개체화가체적연제제공료일개유효가행적도경,해결가체여병변골격적량호필배,가방지가체송동,제고기장기은정성.
BACKGROUND: Due to individual characteristics of human body, it is difficult to well match between standard prosthesis and patient skeleton. Computer-assisted design and manufacture of individualized prosthesis can effectively prolong artificial joint lifespan and quality and reduce revision rate. However, related studies are few in China.OBJECTIVE: To explore computer-assisted design for individualized femoral head prosthesis according to three-dimensional (3D)reconstruction of CT images for improving prosthesis and affected skeleton matching.METHODS: The CT scanning image of one healthy male volunteer, with no hip joint disease, was used. His femur was scanned with GE Speed Light CT with 3.0 mm thick cross-section slices. CT 2D images were transmitted to a computer. The medical image format was translated from DICOM into bmp. Inner and external bone contours were drawn automatically or by hand and processed digitally, and then these data were downloaded into 3D Mimics8.1, and Rapidform2004 software. The 3D femoral canal model was rendered. Femur canal contours curve was downloaded into the Solidworks2004 software in the form of dxf. Femoral prosthesis was designed on the base of femoral canal contours curve.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The CT image was transmitted in the form of vector by a set of self-made medical image processing software. The accurate 3D femoral internal/external outline model was obtained by CT 2D image and reverse technique. Suitable femoral prosthesis was designed by means of image reverse engineering and norientation CAD. Reverse engineering and CAD provide an effective way to develop individualized prosthesis, improve the matching of prosthesis and affected skeleton, prevent prosthesis loosening and improve long-term stability.