CAJ | 학술논문

目的评价安徽省实施以传染源控制为主的血吸虫病综合防治策略控制血吸虫病的效果.方法于2006-2008年在安徽省池州市贵池区选择40个流行村作为国家级试点；于2007年在该省7个市的10个流行县(区)中各选择1个疫情较重的流行村作为省级试点,开展以机代牛、家畜圈养、改水改厕等以传染源控制为主的综合防治策略.于2008年底,在国家级试点抽取13个流行村,在省级试点抽取6个流行村,开展血吸虫病病情和螺情调查,比较策略实施前后相关指标变化情况.结果国家级试点村在综合防治策略实施后,人群血吸虫感染率降为1.76％(147/8370),与实施前[4.57％(487/10 659)]相比,下降了61.49％,差异有统计学意义(x2=115.16,P＜0.01)；感染性钉螺密度和钉螺感染率分别降为0.0008只/0.1 m2和0.04％,与实施前(分别为0.0067只/0.1 m2、0.28％)相比,分别下降了88.06％和85.71％.省级试点村在综合防治策略实施后,人群血吸虫感染率降为0.21％(14/6592),与综合防治策略实施前[1.27％(54/4254)]相比,下降了83.46％,差异有统计学意义(x2=94.57,P＜0.01)；感染性钉螺密度和钉螺感染率分别降为0.0003只/0.1 m2和0.05％,与实施前(分别为0.0025只/0.1 m2、0.13％)相比,下降了88.00％和61.54％.结论在湖沼型地区实施以传染源控制为主的综合防治策略能有效控制血吸虫病疫情.
목적 평개안휘성실시이전염원공제위주적혈흡충병종합방치책략공제혈흡충병적효과.방법 우2006-2008년재안휘성지주시귀지구선택40개류행촌작위국가급시점；우2007년재해성7개시적10개류행현(구)중각선택1개역정교중적류행촌작위성급시점,개전이궤대우、가축권양、개수개측등이전염원공제위주적종합방치책략.우2008년저,재국가급시점추취13개류행촌,재성급시점추취6개류행촌,개전혈흡충병병정화라정조사,비교책략실시전후상관지표변화정황.결과 국가급시점촌재종합방치책략실시후,인군혈흡충감염솔강위1.76％(147/8370),여실시전[4.57％(487/10 659)]상비,하강료61.49％,차이유통계학의의(x2=115.16,P＜0.01)；감염성정라밀도화정라감염솔분별강위0.0008지/0.1 m2화0.04％,여실시전(분별위0.0067지/0.1 m2、0.28％)상비,분별하강료88.06％화85.71％.성급시점촌재종합방치책략실시후,인군혈흡충감염솔강위0.21％(14/6592),여종합방치책략실시전[1.27％(54/4254)]상비,하강료83.46％,차이유통계학의의(x2=94.57,P＜0.01)；감염성정라밀도화정라감염솔분별강위0.0003지/0.1 m2화0.05％,여실시전(분별위0.0025지/0.1 m2、0.13％)상비,하강료88.00％화61.54％.결론 재호소형지구실시이전염원공제위주적종합방치책략능유효공제혈흡충병역정.
Objective To evaluate the effect of comprehensive control strategy of schistosomiasis with emphasis on infection source control in Anhui province.Methods Forty endemic villages in Guichi district,Chizhou city,Anhui province were selected as national pilot villages in the years from 2006 to 2008,and another 10 provincial pilot villages were respectively selected from 10 highly endemic villages in 7 cities in 2007.The comprehensive infection source control measures,including “replace cattle with machines”,“raise livestock in pens”,“improve the sanitary toilets”,“supply safe water ” and so on were carried out among the above pilot villages.At the end of 2008,13 national pilot villages and 6 provincial pilot villages were selected to investigate the popularity of schistosomiasis,and the effect of the comprehensive control strategy in those villages were compared.Results After implementing the comprehensive control strategy,the infectious rate of schistosomiasis in national pilot villages decreased from 4.57％(487/10 659)to 1.76％(147/8370),with the reduction rate at 61.49％,whose difference showed statistical significance (x2=115.16,P＜ 0.01); and the density of infected snails decreased from 0.0067/0.1 m2 to 0.0008/0.1 m2,the infectious rate of snails decreased from 0.28％ to 0.04％,whose reduction rates were 88.06％ and 85.71％ respectively.While as to the provincial pilot villages,the infectious rate of schistosomiasis decreased from 1.27％(54/4254)to 0.21％(14/6592),with the reduction rate at 83.46％,whose difference showed statistical significance(x2=94.57,P ＜ 0.01); and the density of infected snails decreased from 0.0025/0.1 m2 to 0.0003/0.1 m2,the infection rate of snails decreased from 0.13％ to 0.05％,whose reduction rates were 88.00％ and 61.54％ respectively.Conclusion The comprehensive control strategy with emphasis on infection source control implemented in marshland and lake regions can effectively control the transmission of schistosomiasis.