CAJ | 학술논문

取样技术是地外星体土壤取样任务的核心技术之一。在调研各国地外星体土壤取样任务的基础上,对人工取样和无人的钻取取样、铲挖取样、夹取取样、研磨取样、复合取样等方面的国外地外星体土壤取样技术进行了分析比较,得出以下结论：多数无人自主土壤取样机构都可以看作由决定作业方式的末端执行器和位置机构两部分组成,钻取、铲挖、研磨是有效的取样作业方式,导轨机构和臂类机构是有效的位置机构。针对我国将在探月工程中实施的无人自主月球土壤取样与返回任务,建议在一次任务中同时获取浅层和深层土壤样品,以获得更加丰富的科学信息并提高取样任务的可靠性,浅层取样使用以铲挖为主增加某种破岩方式的复合取样技术,深层取样使用钻取取样技术。
취양기술시지외성체토양취양임무적핵심기술지일。재조연각국지외성체토양취양임무적기출상,대인공취양화무인적찬취취양、산알취양、협취취양、연마취양、복합취양등방면적국외지외성체토양취양기술진행료분석비교,득출이하결론：다수무인자주토양취양궤구도가이간작유결정작업방식적말단집행기화위치궤구량부분조성,찬취、산알、연마시유효적취양작업방식,도궤궤구화비류궤구시유효적위치궤구。침대아국장재탐월공정중실시적무인자주월구토양취양여반회임무,건의재일차임무중동시획취천층화심층토양양품,이획득경가봉부적과학신식병제고취양임무적가고성,천층취양사용이산알위주증가모충파암방식적복합취양기술,심층취양사용찬취취양기술。
Sampling is one of the most important technologies of the soil sampling mission on extraterrestrial bodies.This paper gives a research on extraterrestrial bodies soil sampling missions and then studies the foreign sampling technologies based on the classification of human sampling and unmanned drilling,scooping,tonging,grinding and complex sampling.The conclusion is that the most unmanned soil sampling mechanisms are made up of end effector that determines the sampling method and positioning mechanism;drilling,scooping and grinding are the effective sampling methods and track mechanism and arm mechanisms are the effective positioning mechanisms.Aimed at the unmanned lunar soil sampling and returning mission of China luna exploration project,this paper suggests that both superficial and deep soil be acquired in the same mission to obtain more abundant scientific information and enhance the reliability of sampling mission,and scooping method be used assisted by rock breaking method in superficial sampling and drilling method in deep sampling.