中华预防医学杂志
中華預防醫學雜誌
중화예방의학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF
2012年
5期
443-446
,共4页
空气污染%模型%统计学%时间序列分析%空气质量分级
空氣汙染%模型%統計學%時間序列分析%空氣質量分級
공기오염%모형%통계학%시간서렬분석%공기질량분급
Air pollution%Models%statistical%Time-series analysis%Classification of air quality
目的 构建上海市空气质量健康指数( Shanghai air quality health index,SAQHI),对上海市空气质量进行分级.方法 2001-2008年上海市中心城区S02、N02、可吸入颗粒物(PM1o)的日均浓度数据来自上海市环境监测中心,同时期上海市日均温度和日均相对湿度资料来自上海市气象局；上海市中心城区户籍居民人口非意外死亡数据来自上海市CDC.对上海市中心城区空气污染与人群非意外死亡的关系进行时间序列分析,构建SAQHI并对上海市空气质量进行分级.结果 2001-2008年,上海市中心城区居民日均非意外死亡122例,PM1o、S02、N02的日均浓度分别为(97.3 ±59.5)、(50.1±27.8)和(64.7±23.9)μg/m3,日均温度为(17.7±8.8)℃,日均相对湿度为(71.4±11.8)％.经时间序列分析,构建得到SAQHI公式为:SAQHI=10/17×[exp(0.000 153×PM10)-1+ exp(0.000 662 ×N02) -1]×100.依据SAQHI,将上海市空气质量分级为:低健康风险(SAQHI:0 ～3)、中健康风险(SAQHI:4 ～6)、高健康风险(SAQHI:7～10)和极高健康风险(SAQHI:＞10).结论 SAQHI可用于对上海市空气质量进行分级,能较好地反映上海市空气质量对居民健康的影响.
目的 構建上海市空氣質量健康指數( Shanghai air quality health index,SAQHI),對上海市空氣質量進行分級.方法 2001-2008年上海市中心城區S02、N02、可吸入顆粒物(PM1o)的日均濃度數據來自上海市環境鑑測中心,同時期上海市日均溫度和日均相對濕度資料來自上海市氣象跼；上海市中心城區戶籍居民人口非意外死亡數據來自上海市CDC.對上海市中心城區空氣汙染與人群非意外死亡的關繫進行時間序列分析,構建SAQHI併對上海市空氣質量進行分級.結果 2001-2008年,上海市中心城區居民日均非意外死亡122例,PM1o、S02、N02的日均濃度分彆為(97.3 ±59.5)、(50.1±27.8)和(64.7±23.9)μg/m3,日均溫度為(17.7±8.8)℃,日均相對濕度為(71.4±11.8)％.經時間序列分析,構建得到SAQHI公式為:SAQHI=10/17×[exp(0.000 153×PM10)-1+ exp(0.000 662 ×N02) -1]×100.依據SAQHI,將上海市空氣質量分級為:低健康風險(SAQHI:0 ～3)、中健康風險(SAQHI:4 ～6)、高健康風險(SAQHI:7～10)和極高健康風險(SAQHI:＞10).結論 SAQHI可用于對上海市空氣質量進行分級,能較好地反映上海市空氣質量對居民健康的影響.
목적 구건상해시공기질량건강지수( Shanghai air quality health index,SAQHI),대상해시공기질량진행분급.방법 2001-2008년상해시중심성구S02、N02、가흡입과립물(PM1o)적일균농도수거래자상해시배경감측중심,동시기상해시일균온도화일균상대습도자료래자상해시기상국；상해시중심성구호적거민인구비의외사망수거래자상해시CDC.대상해시중심성구공기오염여인군비의외사망적관계진행시간서렬분석,구건SAQHI병대상해시공기질량진행분급.결과 2001-2008년,상해시중심성구거민일균비의외사망122례,PM1o、S02、N02적일균농도분별위(97.3 ±59.5)、(50.1±27.8)화(64.7±23.9)μg/m3,일균온도위(17.7±8.8)℃,일균상대습도위(71.4±11.8)％.경시간서렬분석,구건득도SAQHI공식위:SAQHI=10/17×[exp(0.000 153×PM10)-1+ exp(0.000 662 ×N02) -1]×100.의거SAQHI,장상해시공기질량분급위:저건강풍험(SAQHI:0 ～3)、중건강풍험(SAQHI:4 ～6)、고건강풍험(SAQHI:7～10)화겁고건강풍험(SAQHI:＞10).결론 SAQHI가용우대상해시공기질량진행분급,능교호지반영상해시공기질량대거민건강적영향.
Objective This work aimed to construct Shanghai air quality health index (SAQHI) and to grade the air quality in Shanghai.Methods Daily average concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 10 micrometer ( PM1o),SO2 and NO2 from 2001 to 2008 in the central urban areas of Shanghai were collected from Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center.Contemporaneous data of daily average temperature and relative humidity were obtained from Shanghai Meteorological Bureau.Contemporaneous daily non-accidental mortality of registered residents in central urban areas of Shanghai were obtained from Shanghai Municipal CDC,respectively.Time-series analysis was conducted to estimate the association between air pollution and daily non-accidental mortality in the central urban areas of Shanghai.SAQHI was then established and applied to grade the air quality in Shanghai.Results On average,there were 122 non-accidental daily deaths in the central urban areas of Shanghai from 2001 to 2008.The contemporaneous daily average concentrations of PM10,SO2 and NO2 for the same period were (97.3 ±59.5),(50.1 ±27.8) and (64.7 ±23.9) μg/m3,respectively.Daily average temperature was ( 17.7 ±8.8)°C,and daily average relative humidity was (71.4 ± 11.8)％.Based on results of time series analysis,formula for SAQHI was SAQHI =10/17 × ( exp(0.000 153 × PM10 ) - 1 + exp(0.000 662 × NO2 ) - 1 ) × 100.Air quality in Shanghai was graded according to SAQHI values as low health risk( SAQHI:0 ～ 3),moderate health risk(SAQHI:4 -6),high health risk(SAQHI:7 - 10) and very high health risk (SAQHI:＞ 10).Conclusion SAQHI could be applied in grading air quality in Shanghai,and reflect the effects of the overall air quality on health.
