中华流行病学杂志
中華流行病學雜誌
중화류행병학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
2008年
4期
325-328
,共4页
马文军%宋秀玲%徐浩锋%颜润涛%聂少萍%许燕君%李剑森%张玉润
馬文軍%宋秀玲%徐浩鋒%顏潤濤%聶少萍%許燕君%李劍森%張玉潤
마문군%송수령%서호봉%안윤도%섭소평%허연군%리검삼%장옥윤
溺水%伤害%中小学生
溺水%傷害%中小學生
닉수%상해%중소학생
Drowning%Injury%Student
目的 了解中小学生非致死性溺水的发生率及发生原因、地点、时间和现场急救等流行病学特点.方法 选取广东省一个农村地区乡镇的中小学生作为调查对象,调查样本为该镇中学初一、初二、高一、高二班的学生以及小学三年级及以上的学生.信息通过问卷调查获得,调查方式采用学生集中填写,调查员现场指导和审核后回收.结果 共调查了9732名中小学生,非致死性溺水的发生率为5.65%,小学、初中、高中分别为7.69%、5.80%、2.39%,有逐步下降的趋势(P＜0.01);男生发生率为7.14%,高于女生4.03%(P＜0.01).没有去医院治疗、急诊治疗和住院治疗的发生率分别为4.52%、0.77%和0.35%.游泳时发生溺水占46.88%,失足跌入水中、跳水、救人和其他原因发生溺水者分别为15.67%、13.79%、6.24%和17.42%.59.94%中小学生溺水发生在下午,其他依次为晚上(15.64%)、中午(14.77%)、上午(9.65%).溺水最常见的发生地点是江、河、湖泊(42.48%),其他依次为游泳池(19.56%)、其他地点(18.39%)、水库(11.39%)、池塘(4.38%)等.66.76%的溺水是在有人看见的情况下发生的,45.69%的溺水是他人抢救,17.86%的溺水者救起后没有知觉.结论 中小学生非致死性溺水的发生率高,溺水主要发生在自然水体,游泳是溺水的主要原因.
目的 瞭解中小學生非緻死性溺水的髮生率及髮生原因、地點、時間和現場急救等流行病學特點.方法 選取廣東省一箇農村地區鄉鎮的中小學生作為調查對象,調查樣本為該鎮中學初一、初二、高一、高二班的學生以及小學三年級及以上的學生.信息通過問捲調查穫得,調查方式採用學生集中填寫,調查員現場指導和審覈後迴收.結果 共調查瞭9732名中小學生,非緻死性溺水的髮生率為5.65%,小學、初中、高中分彆為7.69%、5.80%、2.39%,有逐步下降的趨勢(P＜0.01);男生髮生率為7.14%,高于女生4.03%(P＜0.01).沒有去醫院治療、急診治療和住院治療的髮生率分彆為4.52%、0.77%和0.35%.遊泳時髮生溺水佔46.88%,失足跌入水中、跳水、救人和其他原因髮生溺水者分彆為15.67%、13.79%、6.24%和17.42%.59.94%中小學生溺水髮生在下午,其他依次為晚上(15.64%)、中午(14.77%)、上午(9.65%).溺水最常見的髮生地點是江、河、湖泊(42.48%),其他依次為遊泳池(19.56%)、其他地點(18.39%)、水庫(11.39%)、池塘(4.38%)等.66.76%的溺水是在有人看見的情況下髮生的,45.69%的溺水是他人搶救,17.86%的溺水者救起後沒有知覺.結論 中小學生非緻死性溺水的髮生率高,溺水主要髮生在自然水體,遊泳是溺水的主要原因.
목적 료해중소학생비치사성닉수적발생솔급발생원인、지점、시간화현장급구등류행병학특점.방법 선취광동성일개농촌지구향진적중소학생작위조사대상,조사양본위해진중학초일、초이、고일、고이반적학생이급소학삼년급급이상적학생.신식통과문권조사획득,조사방식채용학생집중전사,조사원현장지도화심핵후회수.결과 공조사료9732명중소학생,비치사성닉수적발생솔위5.65%,소학、초중、고중분별위7.69%、5.80%、2.39%,유축보하강적추세(P＜0.01);남생발생솔위7.14%,고우녀생4.03%(P＜0.01).몰유거의원치료、급진치료화주원치료적발생솔분별위4.52%、0.77%화0.35%.유영시발생닉수점46.88%,실족질입수중、도수、구인화기타원인발생닉수자분별위15.67%、13.79%、6.24%화17.42%.59.94%중소학생닉수발생재하오,기타의차위만상(15.64%)、중오(14.77%)、상오(9.65%).닉수최상견적발생지점시강、하、호박(42.48%),기타의차위유영지(19.56%)、기타지점(18.39%)、수고(11.39%)、지당(4.38%)등.66.76%적닉수시재유인간견적정황하발생적,45.69%적닉수시타인창구,17.86%적닉수자구기후몰유지각.결론 중소학생비치사성닉수적발생솔고,닉수주요발생재자연수체,유영시닉수적주요원인.
Objective To understand the incidence and characteristics of nonfatal drowning among primary and middle school students in rural area and to provide basic information for intervention.Methods A rural town was selected and all students from 3th-8th grades,10th grade and 11th grade were studied.All data were collected,using a self-administrated questionnaires which was guided by investigator.Results The overall incidence rate of nonfatal drowning was 5.65%(549/9732)and were 7.69%,5.80%,2.39%for primary,secondary and high school students,respectively.Male students had a higher rate(7.14%)than that of females(4.03%).The incidence rates of non-treated,treated in emergency and under hospitalization were 4.52%,0.77% and 0.35%.The major reasons of drowning were swimming (46.88%),falling into waters(15.67%),diving(13.79%)and rescuing others(6.24%).The proportion of drowning occurred in the afternoon,evening,at noon or in the morning were 59.94%,15.64%,14.77%and 9.65%respectively.The common sites of drowning were river/lake(42.48%),swimming pool(19.56%),reservoir(11.39%)and pond(4.38%).66.76%of the drowning cases were witnessed by other person,and 17.86%were conscious when being removed from waters.Conclusion The incidence of nonfatal drowning among students in rural areas was high,and the natural body of waters was the most common site causing drowning while swimming was the major reason of drowning.Intervention targeting on primary and middle sehool students in rural should be carried out to reduce the incidence.
