CAJ | 학술논문

利用水平切片淀粉凝胶电泳技术,分析了不同蝗区东亚飞蝗四个地理种群的遗传结构.在检测的20个酶基因座位中,四个种群均表现出一定的遗传多态性,多态位点的百分率普遍偏高(P=70%～80%),但由于杂合子数目较少而使每个位点的平均杂合度观察值偏低(Ho=0.023～0.032).对每个基因座位的各基因型进行χ2检验,除Adk-1、Gdh-1、G3pd-1和Pgm-1在部分种群符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡外,其余绝大多数基因座位的基因型频率显著偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡.从F统计量看,四个种群之间的遗传分化较低(Fst=0.0606).它表明:东亚飞蝗较强的长距离迁飞行为增加了种群之间的基因交流,降低了种群之间的遗传分化.根据Nei的遗传一致度(I)和Roger的遗传距离(D)进行分析,在山西临猗与山西永济(I=0.964,D=0.175)、河南中牟与江苏沛县种群(I=0.957,D=0.160)之间,呈现出较高的遗传一致度和较小的遗传距离.结果表明:迁飞性蝗虫东亚飞蝗种群之间的遗传分化与地理距离呈正相关.
이용수평절편정분응효전영기술,분석료불동황구동아비황사개지리충군적유전결구.재검측적20개매기인좌위중,사개충군균표현출일정적유전다태성,다태위점적백분솔보편편고(P=70%～80%),단유우잡합자수목교소이사매개위점적평균잡합도관찰치편저(Ho=0.023～0.032).대매개기인좌위적각기인형진행χ2검험,제Adk-1、Gdh-1、G3pd-1화Pgm-1재부분충군부합Hardy-Weinberg평형외,기여절대다수기인좌위적기인형빈솔현저편리Hardy-Weinberg평형.종F통계량간,사개충군지간적유전분화교저(Fst=0.0606).타표명:동아비황교강적장거리천비행위증가료충군지간적기인교류,강저료충군지간적유전분화.근거Nei적유전일치도(I)화Roger적유전거리(D)진행분석,재산서림의여산서영제(I=0.964,D=0.175)、하남중모여강소패현충군(I=0.957,D=0.160)지간,정현출교고적유전일치도화교소적유전거리.결과표명:천비성황충동아비황충군지간적유전분화여지리거리정정상관.
The genetic structure of the four geographic populations of the Oriental migratory locust Locusta migratoria manilensis was analyzed using horizontal starch gel electrophoresis. Among 20 loci of 13 isozymes identified, the higher the percentage of polymorphic loci ( P = 70% - 80% ), the lower the observed overall heterozygosity ( Ho = 0.023 - 0.032). The result from Chi-square test for the genotype frequencies showed the genotype frequency at most loci deviated significantly from HardyWeinberg equilibrium except Adk- 1, Gdh- 1, G3pd- 1 and Pgm- 1. Based on F-statistics ( average Fst = 0.0606), an extremely small genetic differentiation among the four populations was observed. It appeared that the long-distance migration of the locust enhanced gene flow and decreased genetic differentiation. The divergence among four populations was revealed using Nei's genetic identity (I) and Roger's genetic distance (D). The higher the genetic identity, the smaller the genetic distance observed between Shanxi-Linyi and Shanxi-Yongji populations (I = 0.964, D = 0.175), and between Jiangsu-Peixian and Henan-Zhongmou populations ( I = 0.957, D = 0. 160). The results indicated that there was a positive relationship between genetic differentiation and geographic distance.