CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解2010年拉萨市农村0～ 35月龄藏族儿童的生长发育及营养不良状况.方法采用多阶段整群抽样法,抽取拉萨市达孜县和曲水县的6个乡镇0 ～35月龄婴幼儿640名,通过测查其身长和体重获得营养状况的资料,按照2006年WHO推荐的新标准,利用WHO Anthro 2005软件,采用标准统计量检定法(Z值法)估计儿童群体的营养状况,并比较婴幼儿的年龄别体重Z值(WAZ)、年龄别身长Z值(HAZ)和身长别体重Z值(WHZ).结果拉萨市农村18 ～ 35月龄婴幼儿身长比国家标准平均低3.0 cm；6～11、12～17月龄男性婴幼儿体重[(8.84±1.23)、(10.20±1.08) kg]、身长[(70.45±4.46)、(76.73 ±4.78)cm]均高于女性[体重分别为(8.42±1.30)、(9.59±1.26) kg,身长分别为(67.61 ±3.98)、(74.25 ±4.50) cm](P值均＜0.05).调查对象WAZ、HAZ分别为-0.17 ±1.11和-1.11 ±1.46,WAZ、WHZ随月龄的增加呈下降趋势(P值均＜0.05),18 ～23月龄婴幼儿的HAZ(- 1.51±1.24)与0～5、6～11、12 ～ 17月龄婴幼儿(HAZ值分别为-0.75±1.50、-0.83±1.72、- 1.07±1.55)差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05),18 ～ 23月龄婴幼儿HAZ与24 ～ 29、30 ～ 35月龄婴幼儿(HAZ值分别为-1.41 ±1.25、- 1.24±1.05)差异均无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05).调查地区0～ 35月龄婴幼儿生长迟缓率、低体重率和消瘦率分别为24.6％(155/630)、5.4％(33/616)和1.0％(6/608)；男童生长迟缓率(29.4％,99/337)和低体重率(7.3％,24/329)均高于女童[19.1％(56/293)、3.1％(9/287)];分月龄分析发现,18 ～23、24 ～29月龄婴幼儿生长迟缓率较高,分别为35.0％(36/103)和29.1％( 25/86).结论拉萨市农村3岁以下儿童生长发育不佳,儿童营养不良状况不容忽视且存在性别和月龄差异.
목적 료해2010년랍살시농촌0～ 35월령장족인동적생장발육급영양불량상황.방법 채용다계단정군추양법,추취랍살시체자현화곡수현적6개향진0 ～35월령영유인640명,통과측사기신장화체중획득영양상황적자료,안조2006년WHO추천적신표준,이용WHO Anthro 2005연건,채용표준통계량검정법(Z치법)고계인동군체적영양상황,병비교영유인적년령별체중Z치(WAZ)、년령별신장Z치(HAZ)화신장별체중Z치(WHZ).결과 랍살시농촌18 ～ 35월령영유인신장비국가표준평균저3.0 cm；6～11、12～17월령남성영유인체중[(8.84±1.23)、(10.20±1.08) kg]、신장[(70.45±4.46)、(76.73 ±4.78)cm]균고우녀성[체중분별위(8.42±1.30)、(9.59±1.26) kg,신장분별위(67.61 ±3.98)、(74.25 ±4.50) cm](P치균＜0.05).조사대상WAZ、HAZ분별위-0.17 ±1.11화-1.11 ±1.46,WAZ、WHZ수월령적증가정하강추세(P치균＜0.05),18 ～23월령영유인적HAZ(- 1.51±1.24)여0～5、6～11、12 ～ 17월령영유인(HAZ치분별위-0.75±1.50、-0.83±1.72、- 1.07±1.55)차이균유통계학의의(P치균＜0.05),18 ～ 23월령영유인HAZ여24 ～ 29、30 ～ 35월령영유인(HAZ치분별위-1.41 ±1.25、- 1.24±1.05)차이균무통계학의의(P치균＞0.05).조사지구0～ 35월령영유인생장지완솔、저체중솔화소수솔분별위24.6％(155/630)、5.4％(33/616)화1.0％(6/608)；남동생장지완솔(29.4％,99/337)화저체중솔(7.3％,24/329)균고우녀동[19.1％(56/293)、3.1％(9/287)];분월령분석발현,18 ～23、24 ～29월령영유인생장지완솔교고,분별위35.0％(36/103)화29.1％( 25/86).결론 랍살시농촌3세이하인동생장발육불가,인동영양불량상황불용홀시차존재성별화월령차이.
Objective To understand the growth and malnutrition status of Tibetan children aged 0 to 35 months in rural Lhasa in 2010.Methods Cross-sectional study and multistage sampling design were used to randomly select sampling units.A total of 640 children were studied.Height and weight were measured and nutritional status was evaluated with WHO reference in 2006 using Z-scores.Z-scores of weight-for-age( WAZ),Z-scores of height for-age (HAZ) and Z-scores of weight-for-height (WHZ) were analyzed.Results At the age of 18 -35 months,the children in rural Lhasa were 3.0 cm shorter as compared to the China national length reference.At the age of 6 - 11,12 - 17 months,weight ( ( 8.84 ±1.23) and (10.20 ±1.08) kg) and length((70.45 ±4.46) and (76.73 ±4.78) cm) of boys were significantly higher than girls ( weight:( 8.42 ± 1.30) and ( 9.59 ± 1.26 ) kg ; length:( 67.61 ± 3.98 ) and (.74.25 ±4.50) cm)(all P values ＜0.05).WAZ and HAZ were -0.17 ±1.11 and -1.11 ± 1.46,respectively.The HAZ of 18 -23 months children( -1.51 ± 1.24 ) was significantly different from the HAZ of 0-5,6- 11,12- 17 months children (HAZ:-0.75 ± 1.50,-0.83 ± 1.72,-1.07 ± 1.55,respectively) ( all P values ＜ 0.05 ),comparison with the HAZ of 24 - 29,30 - 35 months children ( HAZ:- 1.41 ± 1.25,- 1.24 ± 1.05 ),the results showed that there were no significant difference( all P values ＞0.05),HAZ of 18 -23 months children was the lowest.The prevalence of stunting,underweight,and wasting were 24.6％ ( 155/630 ),5.4％ ( 33/616 ) and 1.0％ (6/608),respectively.The malnutrition of boys was more serious than that of girls,the stunting of 18 - 23 and 24 - 29 months children had reached 35.0％ (36/103) and 29.1％ (25/86),respectively.Conclusion The growth and development status of children in rural Lhasa under 3 years old was poor,and the malnutrition of local children should not be ignored with variations by gender and months of age.