CAJ | 학술논문

目的探讨少数民族和汉族应征青年军队职业适应性差异.方法采用全国征兵心理检测系统,测量2010年云南省29个少数民族自治县3213名应征青年,从智力和性格特征两方面探讨军队职业适应性的民族差异.结果少数民族与汉族应征青年在智力和性格特征适应率上差异有统计学意义( x2=13.3,9.0; P＜0.01).①智力方面,彝族适应率(78.1％)、哈尼族适应率(76.8％)、佤族适应率(68.2％)均显著低于汉族适应率(84.0％)(P＜0.01),且三项测验用时显著均大于汉族用时(P＜0.05)；纳西族、傣族仅语词推理用时[(109.2±20.9)s；(123.9±32.5)s]与汉族用时[(115.2 ±29.0)s]比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).②性格方面,哈尼族适应率(67.8％)和佤族适应率(64.3％)显著低于汉族适应率(78.1％)(P＜0.01),哈尼族T维度得分[(57.9±17.5)分]显著高于汉族得分[(52.2±l6.5)分,P＜0.05],佤族除T、D维度外所有维度得分均显著高于汉族得分(5个T分以上)(P＜0.01).结论各少数民族与汉族应征青年军队职业适应性生存在不同差异,民族因素可能成为新兵选拔、教育和管理的重要参考因素.
목적 탐토소수민족화한족응정청년군대직업괄응성차이.방법 채용전국정병심리검측계통,측량2010년운남성29개소수민족자치현3213명응정청년,종지력화성격특정량방면탐토군대직업괄응성적민족차이.결과 소수민족여한족응정청년재지력화성격특정괄응솔상차이유통계학의의( x2=13.3,9.0; P＜0.01).①지력방면,이족괄응솔(78.1％)、합니족괄응솔(76.8％)、와족괄응솔(68.2％)균현저저우한족괄응솔(84.0％)(P＜0.01),차삼항측험용시현저균대우한족용시(P＜0.05)；납서족、태족부어사추리용시[(109.2±20.9)s；(123.9±32.5)s]여한족용시[(115.2 ±29.0)s]비교차이유통계학의의(P＜0.01).②성격방면,합니족괄응솔(67.8％)화와족괄응솔(64.3％)현저저우한족괄응솔(78.1％)(P＜0.01),합니족T유도득분[(57.9±17.5)분]현저고우한족득분[(52.2±l6.5)분,P＜0.05],와족제T、D유도외소유유도득분균현저고우한족득분(5개T분이상)(P＜0.01).결론 각소수민족여한족응정청년군대직업괄응성생존재불동차이,민족인소가능성위신병선발、교육화관리적중요삼고인소.
Objective To explore the differences between the minority nationality and Han recruits in army occupational adaptability.Methods 3 213 recruited youths coming from 29 autonomous counties of minority nationalities,Yunnan Province were tested by 2011 Chinese enrollment psychological test system to explore the differences of the intelligence adaptability and character trait adaptability between the minority nationality and Han recruits.Results There were obvious differences in the eligible rates of intelligence and character trait between minority nationality and Han recruits ( x2 =13.3,9.0; P ＜ 0.01 ).The intelligence eligible rates of Yi,Hani,Wa recruits (78.1％,76.8％,68.2％,respectively) were significantly lower than those of Han recruits (84.0％) (P＜0.01 ),and time used in three intelligence test was all significantly longer than Han recruits(P ＜ 0.05 ).Naxi and Dai recruits' time used in word reasoning ( ( 109.2 ± 20.9) s; ( 123.9 ± 32.5 ) s,respectively) was both longer than Han recruits' (P＜0.01).In the fact of character trait,the eligible rates of Hani,Wa recruits (67.8％,64.3％,respectively) were significantly lower than that of Han recruits (78.1％) (P ＜ 0.01 ).The Hani average score of T dimension (57.9 ± 17.5) was obviously higher than the Han's score (52.2 ± 16.5) (P ＜ 0.05 ).All dimensions average scores except T and D dimension of Wa recruits were all significantly higher than those in Han recruits(P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Every minority nationality has its unique differences in armyoccupational adaptability from Han.Ethnic factor may be an important reference for new recruits' selection,education and management.