武汉理工大学学报（社会科学版）
武漢理工大學學報（社會科學版）
무한리공대학학보（사회과학판）
JOURNAL OF WUHAN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY(SOCIAL SCIENCE EDITION)
2009年
4期
129-134
,共6页
句法结构%语义自然性%认知理据%认知常态性%范畴典型性%分布普遍性
句法結構%語義自然性%認知理據%認知常態性%範疇典型性%分佈普遍性
구법결구%어의자연성%인지리거%인지상태성%범주전형성%분포보편성
syntactic constructions%semantic naturalness%cognitive motivations%cognitive normality%category prototype%wide distribution
句法结构的语义自然性是指语言的句法构造符合人们的认知模式,即句法结构和人们的经验结构、思维模式以及思维惯势之间有一定的对应性;语义自然性主要由三个方面体现出来:认知常态自然性侧重于句法结构中的词语分布与人们大脑中的事物分布认知模式和层级认知模式相吻合;范畴典型自然性表明一个句法结构范畴中的典型具有人们对该范畴的最佳语感期待值,因而有较好的语义自然性;分布普遍自然性则显示语义自然性高的句法结构在使用时通常限制较少,其结构转换性和结构类推性或能产性也相应要高得多.
句法結構的語義自然性是指語言的句法構造符閤人們的認知模式,即句法結構和人們的經驗結構、思維模式以及思維慣勢之間有一定的對應性;語義自然性主要由三箇方麵體現齣來:認知常態自然性側重于句法結構中的詞語分佈與人們大腦中的事物分佈認知模式和層級認知模式相吻閤;範疇典型自然性錶明一箇句法結構範疇中的典型具有人們對該範疇的最佳語感期待值,因而有較好的語義自然性;分佈普遍自然性則顯示語義自然性高的句法結構在使用時通常限製較少,其結構轉換性和結構類推性或能產性也相應要高得多.
구법결구적어의자연성시지어언적구법구조부합인문적인지모식,즉구법결구화인문적경험결구、사유모식이급사유관세지간유일정적대응성;어의자연성주요유삼개방면체현출래:인지상태자연성측중우구법결구중적사어분포여인문대뇌중적사물분포인지모식화층급인지모식상문합;범주전형자연성표명일개구법결구범주중적전형구유인문대해범주적최가어감기대치,인이유교호적어의자연성;분포보편자연성칙현시어의자연성고적구법결구재사용시통상한제교소,기결구전환성화결구유추성혹능산성야상응요고득다.
Semantic naturalness of syntactic constructions means that the syntactic constructions of language conform to the people's cognitive models;namely, there is a certain correspondence between the syntactic constructions and the people's experiences and thinking modes.Semantic naturalness is realized from three perspectives.Naturalness of cognitive normality emphasizes the correspondence between the distribution of words in the syntactic constructions and the cognitive models of distribution of things and of levels in the people's mind.Naturalness of category prototype shows that the prototype of a category of syntactic constructions meets the people's highest expectations for the language use, hence the better semantic naturalness.Naturalness of wide distribution means to manifest that the syntactic constructions with higher semantic naturalness usually have fewer restrictions in use and construction change and analogy can be conducted in them.
