CAJ | 학술논문

运用电镜酶细胞化学技术对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)体内肝脏、肌肉、心脏、复眼和鳃等5种组织的SOD和POD酶的细胞化学定位进行了研究,并与感染病毒的凡纳滨对虾体内5种组织中SOD和POD的细胞化学定位进行比较.结果显示,在健康对虾体内,SOD酶阳性反应颗粒主要定位于肌肉、心脏、肝脏和鳃等组织细胞的线粒体膜、细胞质中,以及肝细胞的脂滴周围;POD酶主要定位于心脏、鳃和肝脏组织细胞的过氧化物酶体内,肝细胞中脂滴周围也有POD的阳性反应颗粒.感染病毒后,各组织细胞表现出明显的病理性结构变化,大量的髓样小体出现,脂滴数量明显减少.同时各组织中SOD和POD酶的细胞化学定位也发生了明显的变化,表现为心脏、鳃、肌肉组织细胞胞质中的SOD阳性颗粒消失,肝细胞中的SOD阳性颗粒明显减少,在心脏和鳃的线粒体基质内也出现SOD阳性颗粒;POD仍主要定位在过氧化物酶体中,但心脏中的过氧化物酶体解体而有许多呈阳性反应的小颗粒分布在细胞质中.结果表明SOD和POD在凡纳滨对虾防御氧的毒性损伤以及整个机体的免疫功能等方面起着重要的作用.
운용전경매세포화학기술대범납빈대하(Litopenaeus vannamei)체내간장、기육、심장、복안화새등5충조직적SOD화POD매적세포화학정위진행료연구,병여감염병독적범납빈대하체내5충조직중SOD화POD적세포화학정위진행비교.결과현시,재건강대하체내,SOD매양성반응과립주요정위우기육、심장、간장화새등조직세포적선립체막、세포질중,이급간세포적지적주위;POD매주요정위우심장、새화간장조직세포적과양화물매체내,간세포중지적주위야유POD적양성반응과립.감염병독후,각조직세포표현출명현적병이성결구변화,대량적수양소체출현,지적수량명현감소.동시각조직중SOD화POD매적세포화학정위야발생료명현적변화,표현위심장、새、기육조직세포포질중적SOD양성과립소실,간세포중적SOD양성과립명현감소,재심장화새적선립체기질내야출현SOD양성과립;POD잉주요정위재과양화물매체중,단심장중적과양화물매체해체이유허다정양성반응적소과립분포재세포질중.결과표명SOD화POD재범납빈대하방어양적독성손상이급정개궤체적면역공능등방면기착중요적작용.
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) are two important anti- oxidation enzymes that exist widely in tissues of aerobic and anaerobic creatures. SOD and POD have been taken as two immune enzymes and a marker with several other related enzymes in evaluating crustacean animals' immune function. Litopenaeus vannamei is Chinese major raised aquatic shrimp, and Virus is a major reason for the spreading of epidemic Litopenaeus vannarnei diseases. To improve the own immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei and enhance its anti-virus function become the basic method of comprehensive prevention and cure. Therefore, people pay more and more attention to study the immunity factors of Litopenaeus vannamei and improve their anti-diseases ability effectively.The activities and location of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in the liver, muscle, heart, eye and gill of Litopenaeus vannamei were studied with enzyme cytochemical technique of electronic microscope, compared with the infected shrimp. The results showed that SOD positive reactions were mainly deposited in mitochondrium membrane and cytoplasm in the cells of the liver, muscle, heart and gill of the healthy shrimp. Furthermore, SOD activity was located around lipid droplet in liver. POD positive reactions were mainly deposited in specific organelle: peroxisome in the cells of the liver, heart and gill respectively. There were also POD positive granules around lipid droplet in liver. In the infected shrimp, the obviously histopathological changes were detected in five tissues, and more myelin figures appeared in the cell of each tissue and the number of the fat drops in liver cells sharply reduced. There were evident differences in tissues between diseased shrimp and healthy shrimp in the activities and location of SOD and POD. SOD positive granules in cytoplasm of the muscle, heart and gill of the infected shrimp disappeared; and the activities of SOD in liver decreased. At the same time, SOD positive reactions were also found in mitochondrial matrix of heart and gill. POD positive reactions were still found in peroxisome of the liver, heart and gill. But the number of peroxisome positive reactions in liver and gill got decreased; POD positive granules around lipid droplet in liver almost disappeared; part of peroxisomes in heart disintegrated and lots of positive-reacting granules scattered in cytoplasm.The results indicated that the activities and distribution of SOD and POD isozyme in Litopenaeus vannamei cells had clear tissue-specific, and SOD and POD played an important role in defense oxygen toxicity injury and the immune function of Litopenaeus vannamei. Our study will provide theoretical foundation for the application of immune technology in disease prevention and control in Litopenaeus vannamei in future.