林业科学研究
林業科學研究
임업과학연구
FOREST RESEARCH
2001年
1期
17-22
,共6页
生态位%林隙更新%更新动态%热带山 地雨林%海南岛
生態位%林隙更新%更新動態%熱帶山 地雨林%海南島
생태위%림극경신%경신동태%열대산 지우림%해남도
通过对海南岛霸王岭热带山地雨林林隙更新生态位的研究表明：同一树种在不同大小和 年龄级林隙内的优势度不同，不同树种在同一大小和年龄级林隙内的优势度不同。根据树种 在不同大小级林隙内的生态位宽度的变化，可分为生态位幅度宽、中等、较小和狭小4类； 根据树种在不同年龄级林隙内的生态位宽度的变化，可分为对林隙时间生态资源利用充分、 利用较充分、利用不充分和利用很少的4类树种。不同的树种或树种组对不同大小和年龄阶 段林隙生态资源利用的不一致性，表明热带山地雨林中不同树种的林隙大小级生态位和林隙 时间段生态位是相对分离的。分析表明，海南岛热带山地雨林中有很大一部分树种是属于低 密度、狭生态位的树种。从物种多样性的角度来看，大量低密度、狭生态位树种的存在表明 热带山地雨林是一种较为脆弱的生态系统类型。
通過對海南島霸王嶺熱帶山地雨林林隙更新生態位的研究錶明：同一樹種在不同大小和 年齡級林隙內的優勢度不同，不同樹種在同一大小和年齡級林隙內的優勢度不同。根據樹種 在不同大小級林隙內的生態位寬度的變化，可分為生態位幅度寬、中等、較小和狹小4類； 根據樹種在不同年齡級林隙內的生態位寬度的變化，可分為對林隙時間生態資源利用充分、 利用較充分、利用不充分和利用很少的4類樹種。不同的樹種或樹種組對不同大小和年齡階 段林隙生態資源利用的不一緻性，錶明熱帶山地雨林中不同樹種的林隙大小級生態位和林隙 時間段生態位是相對分離的。分析錶明，海南島熱帶山地雨林中有很大一部分樹種是屬于低 密度、狹生態位的樹種。從物種多樣性的角度來看，大量低密度、狹生態位樹種的存在錶明 熱帶山地雨林是一種較為脆弱的生態繫統類型。
통과대해남도패왕령열대산지우림림극경신생태위적연구표명：동일수충재불동대소화 년령급림극내적우세도불동，불동수충재동일대소화년령급림극내적우세도불동。근거수충 재불동대소급림극내적생태위관도적변화，가분위생태위폭도관、중등、교소화협소4류； 근거수충재불동년령급림극내적생태위관도적변화，가분위대림극시간생태자원이용충분、 이용교충분、이용불충분화이용흔소적4류수충。불동적수충혹수충조대불동대소화년령계 단림극생태자원이용적불일치성，표명열대산지우림중불동수충적림극대소급생태위화림극 시간단생태위시상대분리적。분석표명，해남도열대산지우림중유흔대일부분수충시속우저 밀도、협생태위적수충。종물충다양성적각도래간，대량저밀도、협생태위수충적존재표명 열대산지우림시일충교위취약적생태계통류형。
On the basis of investigation on gaps in the tropi cal montane rain fore st of Bawangling Nature Reserve, Hainan Island, regneration niche and related ch aracteristics were analyzed. The results showed that dominances of the same spec ies in gaps of different sizes and developmental stages were different. And domi n ances of different species in gaps of the same sizes and same developmental stag es were also different. According to values of niche breadth based on gap sizes, the species were classified into 4 types, i. e. the wide, middle, comparatively narrow and narrow amplitute of niche. According to values of niche breadth base d on gap age classes, the species in the tropical montane rain forest were class ified into 4 types, i. e. efficient utilization on gap resources comparatively e f ficient utilization on gap resources not efficient utilization on gap resources, and very few utilization on gap resources. The non-uniformity of species utili z ation on resources in gaps of different sizes and age classes indicate that nich es based on gap sizes and gap age classes for different species were comparative ly separated. Through the formation and development of different sized gaps, tre e species satisfied their life history process requirements, so that many specie s can coexist consistantly in the tropical montane rain forest. Calculations on the dominances and niche breadth of tree species in gaps of different sizes and age classes showed that there are a great proportion of low density, narrow nich e species in the tropical montane rain forest. These species have a high depende nce on whole ecological environment in the tropical forest ecosystem. The probab ilities of local extinction are high once the environment changed. The existence of vast quantity of low density, narrow niche species in the forest indicates th at the tropical montane rain forest ecosystem is a vulneralbe ecosystem type in terms of species diversity. Great attention should be paid to the diversity cons ervation of the low density, narrow niche species when any management measures a re taken to the tropical montane rain forest.
