CAJ | 학술논문

目的探讨饮食偏好及行为对中小学生超重或肥胖的影响.方法采用病例对照研究方法,病例为广州市28所中小学中年龄为6～19岁的所有超重或肥胖学生,对照为同校同年级随机抽取的1～2个班中所有体重正常者.饮食偏好和行为采用自编问卷调查,对饮食偏好和行为按由少到多或由不喜欢到喜欢分为4个水平;通过测胃身高和体重计算BMI并进行营养状况的分类;采用两分类logistic回归分析筛选中小学牛超重或肥胖的影响因素. 结果共调查7136人,问卷有效者5755人中超重或肥胖者为1947人,体重正常者2136人.单因素分析超重或肥胖的风险,很喜炊吃蔬菜、水果或糖果及夜宵者是不喜欢者的0.60～0.69倍;对食物挑剔多者是极少挑剔者的0.50倍;而很喜炊吃猪肉、牛羊肉和油炸食物者分别是不喜欢者的1.84、1.30和1.26倍;以及吃饭速度快者足慢者的5.14倍(P值均<0.05).在控制年龄、性别、家庭社会经济因素、父母体型后,对蔬菜与夜宵的偏好、挑剔食物以及进食速度4个指标对超重或肥胖的影响依然具有统计学意义.与不喜欢蔬菜或夜宵、不挑剔食物或进食速度慢者相比,喜欢蔬菜或夜宵、挑剔食物、进食速度快者对超重或肥胖影响的比值比(OR)及95%CI分别为0.55(0.42～0.73),0.48(0.35～0.65),0.50(0.39～0.65)和4.32(3.23～5.80). 结论减慢进食速度与多吃蔬菜有利于预防中小学生超重或肥胖.
목적 탐토음식편호급행위대중소학생초중혹비반적영향.방법 채용병례대조연구방법,병례위엄주시28소중소학중년령위6～19세적소유초중혹비반학생,대조위동교동년급수궤추취적1～2개반중소유체중정상자.음식편호화행위채용자편문권조사,대음식편호화행위안유소도다혹유불희환도희환분위4개수평;통과측위신고화체중계산BMI병진행영양상황적분류;채용량분류logistic회귀분석사선중소학우초중혹비반적영향인소. 결과 공조사7136인,문권유효자5755인중초중혹비반자위1947인,체중정상자2136인.단인소분석초중혹비반적풍험,흔희취흘소채、수과혹당과급야소자시불희환자적0.60～0.69배;대식물도척다자시겁소도척자적0.50배;이흔희취흘저육、우양육화유작식물자분별시불희환자적1.84、1.30화1.26배;이급흘반속도쾌자족만자적5.14배(P치균<0.05).재공제년령、성별、가정사회경제인소、부모체형후,대소채여야소적편호、도척식물이급진식속도4개지표대초중혹비반적영향의연구유통계학의의.여불희환소채혹야소、불도척식물혹진식속도만자상비,희환소채혹야소、도척식물、진식속도쾌자대초중혹비반영향적비치비(OR)급95%CI분별위0.55(0.42～0.73),0.48(0.35～0.65),0.50(0.39～0.65)화4.32(3.23～5.80). 결론 감만진식속도여다흘소채유리우예방중소학생초중혹비반.
Objective This study assessed the effect of food preference and dietary behaviors on the risk of overweight or obesity in school children and adolescents aged 6-19 years.Methods A11 overweight or obeoe students,with age-and school-matched controls were recruited for this case-control study from 28 elementary and secondary schools in Guangzhou urban districts from October 2006 to April 2007.Weight and height were measured,and body nlass index was calculated for the classification of obesity.overweight and underweight.Their food preference and behaviors were asesbed using a structured questionnaire completed by their parents.Behavior and food preference were classified into four levels.and the relevant bottom levels were defined as control groups.Logistic regression wfs used to assess independent determinants of overweight and obesity.Results Among 7136 participants,1947 cases and 2136 normal weight controls from 5755 students with valid questionnaire data were included in the study.Results from univariate analysis showed that odds ratios for overweight or obesity were 0.60-0.69 in those with moat preference(top group)on vegetables,fruits,candy,evening snacks,0.50 in the students of less food partiality,1.84,1.30 and 1.26 in those of most preference for pork,beef and deep-fried foods.and 5.14 in students with fastest speed during eating,respectively(all P<0.05).Vegetable intake,evening snacks preference,speed during eating and food partiality remained with significant agsociation with overweight and obesity in multivariate analysis after adjusted for age,sex,family socio-economical status and their parents' body build. The adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of the above items became 0.55 (0.42-0.73), 0.48 (0.35-0.65), 0.50(0.39-0.65),and 4.32(3.23-5.80) as compared to the relevant lowest categories, respecively. Conclusion Behaviors as eating more vegetable and slow-eating might be protective factos against overweight and obesity in school clildren.