CAJ | 학술논문

原记录在中国有分布的鹛类计142种,占世界鹛类纪录种总数284种的50%.由于该类群的种类繁多,形态和生态习性多样,其分类问题历来受分类学者的关注,且争议较大.本文尝试以分子生物学手段来解决传统分类中遗留的问题.在系统发育分析中共有20属59种鹛类作为内群、14个相关物种作为外群,分子标记分别采用线粒体细胞色素b(Cty 6,846 bp)和核内重组引导基因(RAG-1,870 bp),以最大似然法和贝叶斯法重建系统发育树.结果表明,画眉科鸟类明显被分为2大支系,一支由噪鹛Garrulax、希鹛Minla、薮鹛Liocichla、相思鸟Leiothrix、奇鹛Heterophasia、穗鹛Stachyris、钩嘴鹛Pomatorhinus、凤鹛Yuhina、及部分雀鹛Alcippe等属的种类构成,另一支由鸦雀属Paradoxornis和山鹛Rhopophilus pekinensis、及部分雀鹛属的种类构成,2支都有相当高的支持率;各个属之间的相互关系大致得到解决,传统分类体系中噪鹛属、雀鹛属、鸦雀属、凤鹛属、穗鹛属的单系性不能成立;证实绣眼鸟属Zosteropidae、山鹛和林莺属Sylvia鸟类的亲缘关系较近,而白腹凤鹛Yuhina.zantholeuca、鹏鹛属Pteruthius和文须雀Panurus biarmicus与鹛类的亲缘关系较远;并提出小鳞胸鹪鹛Pnoepyga pusilla有可能不是画眉科种类,其分类地位需要重新认识.
원기록재중국유분포적미류계142충,점세계미류기록충총수284충적50%.유우해류군적충류번다,형태화생태습성다양,기분류문제력래수분류학자적관주,차쟁의교대.본문상시이분자생물학수단래해결전통분류중유류적문제.재계통발육분석중공유20속59충미류작위내군、14개상관물충작위외군,분자표기분별채용선립체세포색소b(Cty 6,846 bp)화핵내중조인도기인(RAG-1,870 bp),이최대사연법화패협사법중건계통발육수.결과표명,화미과조류명현피분위2대지계,일지유조미Garrulax、희미Minla、수미Liocichla、상사조Leiothrix、기미Heterophasia、수미Stachyris、구취미Pomatorhinus、봉미Yuhina、급부분작미Alcippe등속적충류구성,령일지유아작속Paradoxornis화산미Rhopophilus pekinensis、급부분작미속적충류구성,2지도유상당고적지지솔;각개속지간적상호관계대치득도해결,전통분류체계중조미속、작미속、아작속、봉미속、수미속적단계성불능성립;증실수안조속Zosteropidae、산미화림앵속Sylvia조류적친연관계교근,이백복봉미Yuhina.zantholeuca、붕미속Pteruthius화문수작Panurus biarmicus여미류적친연관계교원;병제출소린흉초미Pnoepyga pusilla유가능불시화미과충류,기분류지위수요중신인식.
Babblers comprise 284 species, half of which are distributed in China. Because of their diverse morphology and ecological habits, the systematics of babblers has been particularly difficult and remains many uncertainties. To clarify our understanding of these birds, phylogenetic relationships of babblers were constructed using DNA sequences of one mitochondrial gene (Cyt b) and one nuclear gene (RAG-1). The results indicated that the Timaliidae consist of 2 disjunct lineages: Garrulax, Minla, Liocichla, Leiothrix, Heterophasia, Stachyris, Pomatorhinus, Yuhina, Zosterops and some species from Alcippe formed one clade; Paradoxornis, Rhopophilus, Sylvia and other species from Alcippe formed the other clade. The monophyly of Garrulax, Alcippe, Paradoxornis, Yuhina and Stachyris were not supported in this study. Zosterops, Rhopophilus and Sylvia were proved belonging to Timaliidae, while Y. zantholeuca, Pteruthius and Panurus biarmicus did not belong to this group. We also fotmd that Pnoepyga pusilla may not be a babbler species.