CAJ | 학술논문

目的研究提高新兵适应能力和军事素质的心理训练方法.方法按班编制随机整群抽组某部372名新兵为干预组和对照组,培训基层班长为心理骨干,由骨干组织实施“军营温暖、关怀有加、认识自我、人际沟通”等12个专题的团体心理训练,采用心理社会应激、普遍适应不良、社会支持、自我概念、自我效能感等量表及军训成绩为指标,评估新兵适应能力和军事素质提高情况.结果训练后干预组较对照组消极情绪[(3.89±2.01)分vs (2.56±1.65)分]、消极应对[(3.96±2.52)分vs (2.97±1.78)分]、应激总分[(46.36±21.74)分vs(33.71±17.56)分]、适应不良[(11.26±5.04)分vs (9.10±4.53)分]明显减低(P均＜0.01),积极情绪[(3.70±1.62)分vs(4.16±1.84)分]、积极应对[(5.21±1.94)分vs (6.93±2.17)分]、主观支持[(21.37±3.59)分vs(22.56±3.53)分]、支持利用度[(7.03±2.16)分vs (8.92±2.44)分]、自我概念[(74.33±15.72)分vs (80.65±13.98)分]、自我效能[(2.44±0.56)分vs(2.91±0.52)分]、军训成绩[(引体向上:(5.12±3.77)次vs(12.09±4.52)次；仰卧起坐:(30.82±9.54)次/3min vs (70.20±16.83)次/3min;俯卧撑:(21.32±9.73)次/2min vs (61.75±17.62)次/2 min；3000米跑:(14.17±1.14)s vs(12.82±0.32)s;立定投弹:(26.68±4.62)米vs(35.38±8.44)米]明显提高(P＜0.01或P＜0.05).结论综合团体心理训练能有效提高新兵适应能力和军事素质.
목적 연구제고신병괄응능력화군사소질적심리훈련방법.방법 안반편제수궤정군추조모부372명신병위간예조화대조조,배훈기층반장위심리골간,유골간조직실시“군영온난、관부유가、인식자아、인제구통”등12개전제적단체심리훈련,채용심리사회응격、보편괄응불량、사회지지、자아개념、자아효능감등량표급군훈성적위지표,평고신병괄응능력화군사소질제고정황.결과 훈련후간예조교대조조소겁정서[(3.89±2.01)분vs (2.56±1.65)분]、소겁응대[(3.96±2.52)분vs (2.97±1.78)분]、응격총분[(46.36±21.74)분vs(33.71±17.56)분]、괄응불량[(11.26±5.04)분vs (9.10±4.53)분]명현감저(P균＜0.01),적겁정서[(3.70±1.62)분vs(4.16±1.84)분]、적겁응대[(5.21±1.94)분vs (6.93±2.17)분]、주관지지[(21.37±3.59)분vs(22.56±3.53)분]、지지이용도[(7.03±2.16)분vs (8.92±2.44)분]、자아개념[(74.33±15.72)분vs (80.65±13.98)분]、자아효능[(2.44±0.56)분vs(2.91±0.52)분]、군훈성적[(인체향상:(5.12±3.77)차vs(12.09±4.52)차；앙와기좌:(30.82±9.54)차/3min vs (70.20±16.83)차/3min;부와탱:(21.32±9.73)차/2min vs (61.75±17.62)차/2 min；3000미포:(14.17±1.14)s vs(12.82±0.32)s;립정투탄:(26.68±4.62)미vs(35.38±8.44)미]명현제고(P＜0.01혹P＜0.05).결론 종합단체심리훈련능유효제고신병괄응능력화군사소질.
Objective To explore the psychological training methods on improving the mental adaptation and performance of recruits.Methods According to army's squad establishment,372 recruits were randomly extracted and divided into intervention group (182) and control group (190).A series of special group psychological trainings,such as Warm barracks,Friendly Care,Self-awareness,Interpersonal communication,etc,was applied to the recruits of the intervention group through the squad leaders given psychological training.The effect was assessed with Psychosocial Stress Survey For Groups (PSSG),General Maladjustment Scale (GM),Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS),General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES),Wallace Slef-Concept Scale (WSCS) and Examined Performance.Results The scores of negative emotion was [(3.89±2.01) score vs (2.56±1.65) score ],negative copy was [(3.96±2.52) score vs (2.97±1.78)score],total stress was [(46.36±21.74)score vs (33.71±17.56) score],maladjustment was [(11.26±5.04)score vs (9.10±4.53)score] in the intervention group,which was significantly reduced than those in the control group(P＜0.01).But the scores of positive emotion was [(3.70±1.62) score vs (4.16±1.84) score],positive copy was [(5.21±1.94) score vs (6.93±2.17) score ],subjective support was [(21.37±3.59)score vs (22.56±3.53)score] and support utilization was [(7.03±2.16) score vs (8.92±2.44) score],self-concept was [(74.33±15.72) score vs (80.65±13.98) score],self-efficacy was [(2.44±0.56) score vs (2.91.±0.52) score ] and the examination performance was [(pull-up:(5.12±3.77) times vs (12.09±4.52) times; sit-up:(30.82±9.54) times/3 min vs (70.20±16.83) times/3min; push-up:(21.32±9.73)times/2 min vs (61.75±17.62)times/2 min; Running 3000 meters:(14.17±1.14) s vs (12.82±0.32) s; standing grade throw:(26.68±4.62) mvs (35.38±8.44) m ],which was significantly improved (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).Conclusions Comprehensive group psychological training implemented by Squad leader could effectively improve the ability of adaptation of recruits and promote the performance.