CAJ | 학술논문

采用室内恒温培养方法,研究了不同施肥处理对水稻长期肥料试验中不施肥区(CK)和全肥区(NPK)土壤酶活性及微生物群落结构的变化.结果表明,施肥处理(单施化肥、施猪粪和施秸杆)可以显著提高土壤的微生物量碳以及脲酶、酸性磷酸酶的活性,施用有机肥的效果明显大于单施化肥;有机肥在无肥区(CK)的施用效果与在全肥区(NPK)的效果接近.PLFA分析表明,施肥使无肥区(CK)土壤微生物群落结构发生了显著的变化,施用有机肥显著增加了土壤微生物群落结构的多样性.与不施肥和单施化肥相比,施有机肥主要增加了细菌和真菌的特征脂肪酸如不饱和脂肪酸、环状脂肪酸cy19:0等的相对含量,而降低了放线菌标记性脂肪酸10Me18:0的相对含量.
채용실내항온배양방법,연구료불동시비처리대수도장기비료시험중불시비구(CK)화전비구(NPK)토양매활성급미생물군락결구적변화.결과표명,시비처리(단시화비、시저분화시갈간)가이현저제고토양적미생물량탄이급뇨매、산성린산매적활성,시용유궤비적효과명현대우단시화비;유궤비재무비구(CK)적시용효과여재전비구(NPK)적효과접근.PLFA분석표명,시비사무비구(CK)토양미생물군락결구발생료현저적변화,시용유궤비현저증가료토양미생물군락결구적다양성.여불시비화단시화비상비,시유궤비주요증가료세균화진균적특정지방산여불포화지방산、배상지방산cy19:0등적상대함량,이강저료방선균표기성지방산10Me18:0적상대함량.
The effects of different fertilizer treatments on soil ecological characteristics of microorganism of fertilizer omission plots (CK) and whole NPK plots (NPK) in a long-term fertilization experiment for rice were investigated. The results show the soil enzyme activity and microbial biomass C were significantly increased under the fertilization, and organic manure has much larger effect than that of the pure chemical fertilizers (CF). The application of organic manure in the CK soil and the NPK soil has similar effect on enzyme activity and microbial biomass C. The results of PLFAs show the composition of the microbial community of the CK soil is changed by different organic fertilization treatments. Organic manure application has substantial impact on the microbical diversity of the soil. It mainly increased the mole percentage of the PLFA biomarker unsaturated fatty acids, cyclopropane cy19:0 for bacteria and fungi, and reduced the 10 Me18:0 mole percentage of the PLFA for actinomycetes.