CAJ | 학술논문

在棉苜间作模式下比较研究了刈割与非刈割苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)对棉花(Gossypium spp.)田几种主要捕食性节肢动物和棉蚜(Aphis gossypii Glover)种群动态的影响,目的在于评价适时刈割苜蓿、助迁天敌对棉蚜的控制效应.试验区每隔4行棉花间作1行50 cm宽的紫花苜蓿带,当棉田棉蚜种群数量逐渐增高时,分别于6月、7月2次刈割紫花苜蓿并搁置原地,迫使苜蓿带内的捕食性天敌转移到邻近的棉田中；设非刈割苜蓿处理为对照.结果表明:刈割苜蓿后棉田内天敌种群的个体数、物种丰富度和多样性均较非刈割苜蓿处理区有明显的增加,其中,多异瓢虫(Adonia variegata (Goeze))、星豹蛛(Pardosa variegata L.Koch)、中华草蛉(Chrysopa sinica Tjed er)、小花蝽(Orius minutus (Linn.))的种群数量分别增长120.4％,100.8％,61.0％和7.2％.刈割苜蓿处理区的棉蚜种群数量比非刈割区下降了80.7％.在棉苜间作区,适时刈割苜蓿、助迁天敌转移至邻近棉田,有助于棉蚜的控制.
재면목간작모식하비교연구료예할여비예할목숙(Medicago sativa L.)대면화(Gossypium spp.)전궤충주요포식성절지동물화면아(Aphis gossypii Glover)충군동태적영향,목적재우평개괄시예할목숙、조천천활대면아적공제효응.시험구매격4행면화간작1행50 cm관적자화목숙대,당면전면아충군수량축점증고시,분별우6월、7월2차예할자화목숙병각치원지,박사목숙대내적포식성천활전이도린근적면전중；설비예할목숙처리위대조.결과표명:예할목숙후면전내천활충군적개체수、물충봉부도화다양성균교비예할목숙처리구유명현적증가,기중,다이표충(Adonia variegata (Goeze))、성표주(Pardosa variegata L.Koch)、중화초령(Chrysopa sinica Tjed er)、소화춘(Orius minutus (Linn.))적충군수량분별증장120.4％,100.8％,61.0％화7.2％.예할목숙처리구적면아충군수량비비예할구하강료80.7％.재면목간작구,괄시예할목숙、조천천활전이지린근면전,유조우면아적공제.
The effects of alfalfa-cutting and non alfalfa-cutting on the population dynamics of Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera:Aphididae) and several species of arthropod predators were investigated in cottonalfalfa intercropping patterns of north-western China.The objectives of this study were to evaluate the practicality of alfalfa-cutting as a management technique to enhance arthropod predator abundance of A.gossypii.Plots consisted of 50-cm alfalfa strips intercropped with four-row cotton strips.Population density of A.gossypii was gradually increased in cotton,cutting alfalfa twice on June and July forcing some groups of predators to migrate into adjacent cotton fields from alfalfa.Individual number,species richness,and diversity of predators were higher in alfalfa-cutting treatments than that in non-cutting treatments.The population density of Adonia variegata (Goeze) (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae),Pardosa variegata L.Koch (Araneae:Lycosidae),Chrysopa sinica Tjeder (Neuroptera:Chrysopidae) and Orius minutus (L.) (Hemiptera:Anthocoridae) increased 120.4％,100.8％,61.0％ and 7.2％ in alfalfa-cutting treatments over that in non-cutting treatments.Meanwhile,the population density of A.gossypii in alfalfa-cutting treatments decreased 80.7％ more than in non-cutting treatments.This indicates that alfalfacutting induces predator immigration into adjacent cotton fields and helps control cotton aphids.This study provides cotton growers a potential cultural management technique for A.gossypii while conserving predators.