CAJ | 학술논문

目的研究重度疫区"无血吸虫感染者学校"干预模式,有效控制和预防学生感染血吸虫.方法选择鄱阳湖血吸虫病重疫区新建、南昌、进贤和高新等4县(区)12所小学为研究现场,整群随机将其中10所小学分为实验组,另2所小学为对照组,所有在校学生为研究对象.2005年进行基线调查,2006-2008年对实验组应用"信息传播+行为参与+行为激励"模式进行干预,并考核干预效果.结果干预前(2005年),实验组和对照组目标人群血防知识知晓率分别为14.75%(324/2196)、16.58%(91/549),两组差异无统计学意义(x2=1.14,P＞0.05);血防态度正确率分别为14.71%(323/2196)、11.84%(65/549),两组差异无统计学意义(x2=2.98,P＞0.05);接触疫水率分别为15.44%(18 988/122 976)、15.03%(4622/30 744),两组差异无统计学意义(x2=3.13,P＞0.05);血吸虫感染率分别为9.65%(212/2196)、10.56%(58/549),两组差异无统计学意义(x2=0.41,P＞0.05).干预后第1年(2006年),实验组和对照组血防知识知晓率分别为97.79%(2032/2078)、18.11%(98/541),两组差异有统计学意义(x2=1794.31,P＜0.01);血防态度正确率分别为99.09%(2059/2078)、13.49%(73/541),两组差异有统计学意义(x2=2077.45,P＜0.01).干预后1～3年(2006-2008年),实验组连续3年未见接触疫水者和血吸虫感染者;同期对照组接触疫水率分别为16.12%(4884/30 296)、11.11%(3079/27 720)、12.25%(3451/28 168),血吸虫感染率分别为8.87%(48/541)、7.47%(37/495)、7.95%(40/503).结论 "信息传播+行为参与+行为激励"健康促进模式干预可有效控制和预防重疫区学生感染血吸虫.
목적 연구중도역구"무혈흡충감염자학교"간예모식,유효공제화예방학생감염혈흡충.방법 선택파양호혈흡충병중역구신건、남창、진현화고신등4현(구)12소소학위연구현장,정군수궤장기중10소소학분위실험조,령2소소학위대조조,소유재교학생위연구대상.2005년진행기선조사,2006-2008년대실험조응용"신식전파+행위삼여+행위격려"모식진행간예,병고핵간예효과.결과 간예전(2005년),실험조화대조조목표인군혈방지식지효솔분별위14.75%(324/2196)、16.58%(91/549),량조차이무통계학의의(x2=1.14,P＞0.05);혈방태도정학솔분별위14.71%(323/2196)、11.84%(65/549),량조차이무통계학의의(x2=2.98,P＞0.05);접촉역수솔분별위15.44%(18 988/122 976)、15.03%(4622/30 744),량조차이무통계학의의(x2=3.13,P＞0.05);혈흡충감염솔분별위9.65%(212/2196)、10.56%(58/549),량조차이무통계학의의(x2=0.41,P＞0.05).간예후제1년(2006년),실험조화대조조혈방지식지효솔분별위97.79%(2032/2078)、18.11%(98/541),량조차이유통계학의의(x2=1794.31,P＜0.01);혈방태도정학솔분별위99.09%(2059/2078)、13.49%(73/541),량조차이유통계학의의(x2=2077.45,P＜0.01).간예후1～3년(2006-2008년),실험조련속3년미견접촉역수자화혈흡충감염자;동기대조조접촉역수솔분별위16.12%(4884/30 296)、11.11%(3079/27 720)、12.25%(3451/28 168),혈흡충감염솔분별위8.87%(48/541)、7.47%(37/495)、7.95%(40/503).결론 "신식전파+행위삼여+행위격려"건강촉진모식간예가유효공제화예방중역구학생감염혈흡충.
Objective To study an intervention model of "schools without infected students with schistosoma japanica", to control and prevent students from schisotosoma infection. Methods Twelve primary schools of four heavy endemic counties (districts) with schistosomiasis in the Poyang Lake areas were selected as the study fields, of which, ten schools were the experimental groups, and the other two schools were the control groups by cluster random sampling. All enrolment students were the target population. The baseline survey was carried out in 2005, and an intervention model, "information dissemination + behavior participation + behavior encouragement" ,was applied in the experiment groups in 2006 - 2008, then the effect of intervention was assessed. Results Before intervention ( 2005 ) , the antischistosomiasis knowledge awareness rate of experimental and control groups were 14. 75% ( 324/2196 ) and 16. 58% (91/549), and the different was not significant ( x2 = 1.14, P ＞ 0. 05 ) ;the rate of accurate attitude of anti-schistosomiasis were 14. 71% ( 323/2196 ) and 11.84% ( 65/549 ) in experimental and control groups ,and the difference was not significant ( x2 = 2. 98, P ＞ 0. 05 ); the rate of contacting infected water were 15.44% (18 988/122 976) and 15.03% (4622/30 744) in experimental and control group and the difference was not significant ( x2 = 3.13, P ＞ 0. 05 ); and the infection rate of schistosomiasis of experiment control groups were 9. 65% (212/2196)and 10. 56% (58/549) ,the difference was not significant ( x2 =0.41,P＞0.05 ). After one year intervention (2006), the anti-schistosomiasis knowledge awareness rate of experimental and control groups were 97. 79% (2032/2078) and 18. 11% (98/541), and the different was significant ( x2 = 1794. 31, P ＜ 0. 01 ); the rate of accurate attitude of anti-schistosomiasis were 99. 09%(2059/2078) and 13.49% (73/541)in experimental and control group, and the difference was significant ( x2 = 2077.45, P ＜ 0. 01 ). After 1 - 3 years intervention ( 2006 - 2008 ), there were no any contactors with infected water and infectors with schistosome in students of the experiment group in successive 3 years. While in the control group of the same period, the rate contacting infected water were 16. 12% (4884/30 296),11.11%(3079/27 720) and 12.25% (3451/28 168); the infection rate of schistosomiasis were 8.87%(48/541) ,7. 47% ( 37/495 ) and 7.95% (40/503), respectively. Conclusion The intervention model of health promotion," information dissemination + behavior participation + behavior encouragement" ,can effectively control and prevent students from infecting schisosome japonica in heavy endemic areas with schistosomaisis.