CAJ | 학술논문

为明确我国目前小麦秆锈菌小种种群结构,利用复合鉴别寄主体系对2007-2008年采于黑龙江、四川和云南等地的59个菌株进行了小种鉴定,共鉴定出21C3CTH、21C3CFH、21C3CPH和34MKG四个小种.其中21C3CTH为优势小种,出现频率为72.9%,未发现新的小种和Ug99.利用47个Sr单基因系测定了21C3CTH和21C3CFH等的毒力谱,将我国优势小种与Ug99的毒力谱进行了比较.结果表明,Ug99能够克服Sr5、Sr9e、Sr11、Sr21、Sr30、Sr31、Sr38等我国大多数有效抗秆锈病基因,对我国小麦生产具有潜在威胁.利用我国优势小种21C3CTH、21C3CFH和34MKG对从CIMMYT引入的131份抗Ug99的小麦材料进行了成株期抗性鉴定.结果表明,有近30%的材料只对其中一个或两个小种具有抗性或者全无抗性;有92份材料对全部供试小种具有良好的抗性,可做为今后育种的抗源材料.
위명학아국목전소맥간수균소충충군결구,이용복합감별기주체계대2007-2008년채우흑룡강、사천화운남등지적59개균주진행료소충감정,공감정출21C3CTH、21C3CFH、21C3CPH화34MKG사개소충.기중21C3CTH위우세소충,출현빈솔위72.9%,미발현신적소충화Ug99.이용47개Sr단기인계측정료21C3CTH화21C3CFH등적독력보,장아국우세소충여Ug99적독력보진행료비교.결과표명,Ug99능구극복Sr5、Sr9e、Sr11、Sr21、Sr30、Sr31、Sr38등아국대다수유효항간수병기인,대아국소맥생산구유잠재위협.이용아국우세소충21C3CTH、21C3CFH화34MKG대종CIMMYT인입적131빈항Ug99적소맥재료진행료성주기항성감정.결과표명,유근30%적재료지대기중일개혹량개소충구유항성혹자전무항성;유92빈재료대전부공시소충구유량호적항성,가주위금후육충적항원재료.
In order to investigate pathogenic changes of stem rust fungus of wheat, 59 isolates from Heilongjiang, Sichuan and Yunnan provinces were identified during 2007-2008 using different host systems. Four races of 21C3CTH, 21C3CFH,34MKG and 21C3CPH were identified and 21C3CTH was predominant with a frequency of 72.9%. New races and Ug99 were not observed. The virulence spectra of 21C3CTH , 21C3CFH and so on were determined on 47 single Sr gene lines and virulence spectra of the predominant races were compared with that of Ug99 and found that Sr5, 9e, 11, 21, 30, 31 and 38 with some extent effective resistance to races in China could be overcome by Ug99, a potential threat to wheat production in China. A batch of wheat materials resistant to both Ug99 and most races in China were selected from 131 CIMMYT wheat cultivars (lines) at adult plant stage. The result was showed that 70.2% of those materials were resistant to all three experimental races 21C3CTH, 21C3CFH and 34MKG and could be used as good breeding materials.