CAJ | 학술논문

根据<诗经>等传世文献,圣字的本义是聪明睿智,只言才不言德,圣人只是能人而已.根据<论语>与<左传>分析,大约到春秋晚期,圣字开始出现道德含义,圣人是伟人的意思,但当时多数人仍沿用本义.到战国早中期,圣字的变义迅速取代本义,<墨子><老子>的圣字,基本上都是变义,<孟子>的圣字没有一个是本义.从<诗经>到<孟子>,圣人中既有古人,也有当代活人.孔子生前已被人称为圣人,死后有种种尊称,其中"至圣先师"至今确不可易,无可挑剔.
근거<시경>등전세문헌,골자적본의시총명예지,지언재불언덕,골인지시능인이이.근거<론어>여<좌전>분석,대약도춘추만기,골자개시출현도덕함의,골인시위인적의사,단당시다수인잉연용본의.도전국조중기,골자적변의신속취대본의,<묵자><노자>적골자,기본상도시변의,<맹자>적골자몰유일개시본의.종<시경>도<맹자>,골인중기유고인,야유당대활인.공자생전이피인칭위골인,사후유충충존칭,기중"지골선사"지금학불가역,무가도척.
According to the Books of Songs, the Chinese character "sheng (圣)" had the original meaning of sagacity rather than morality, indicating that a sage was only an able person. However, based on the analysis in the Analects and Tso Chuan, by late Spring and Autumn Period, the word had taken on the variational meaning of morality. Though it could be referred to a sage as a great man, most people still followed its original meaning. In early and middle Warring States Period, the evolutionary mean-ing of the word quickly became dominant. In Mo Zi and Lao Zi, it was mostly used the same. And in The Mencius, no literal meaning was used. The fact that Confucius is regarded as a sage and a great teacher is undoubtedly a typical example.