CAJ | 학술논문

目的探索农村老年人尿失禁的患病情况及严重程度,了解老年人对尿失禁的认识及就诊情况.方法采用整群抽样的方法抽取天津市蓟县2个乡(镇)卫生院≥60岁老年人743名,按统一设计的调查问卷,以面对面询问方式入户调查.结果调查点农村老年人尿失禁患病率为33.38%,女性患病率高于男性(43.15%vs.22.75%,χ~2=34.70,P＜0.0001);60～、65～、70～、75～、80～、85～95岁年龄组患病率分别为28.64%、32.12%、34.08%、35.45%、47.76%、30.00%,随年龄增长尿失禁患病率呈升高趋势(χ~2=2.19,P=0.029).除混合性尿失禁(MUI)以中度为主外,压力性尿失禁(SUI)和急迫性尿失禁(UUI)均以轻度为主,男性和女性不同程度SUI、UUI、MUI构成比差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).一半以上的老年人从没听说过尿失禁(50.20%,373/743),只有22.88%(170/743)的老年人认为尿失禁是一种疾病,84.79%(630/743)的老年人对尿失禁是否可以治愈存在错误认识,89.50%(665/743)的老年人对尿失禁是否可以预防存在错误认识.248名尿失禁者中,到过社区卫生服务中心或医院就诊的只有12人(4.84%),治疗方法均为药物治疗.结论天津市蓟县农村老年人尿失禁患病率较高,但以轻度为主,大部分老年人对尿失禁缺乏认识及足够的重视,且就诊处理时间滞后、诊治不规范.
목적 탐색농촌노년인뇨실금적환병정황급엄중정도,료해노년인대뇨실금적인식급취진정황.방법 채용정군추양적방법추취천진시계현2개향(진)위생원≥60세노년인743명,안통일설계적조사문권,이면대면순문방식입호조사.결과 조사점농촌노년인뇨실금환병솔위33.38%,녀성환병솔고우남성(43.15%vs.22.75%,χ~2=34.70,P＜0.0001);60～、65～、70～、75～、80～、85～95세년령조환병솔분별위28.64%、32.12%、34.08%、35.45%、47.76%、30.00%,수년령증장뇨실금환병솔정승고추세(χ~2=2.19,P=0.029).제혼합성뇨실금(MUI)이중도위주외,압력성뇨실금(SUI)화급박성뇨실금(UUI)균이경도위주,남성화녀성불동정도SUI、UUI、MUI구성비차이무통계학의의(P＞0.05).일반이상적노년인종몰은설과뇨실금(50.20%,373/743),지유22.88%(170/743)적노년인인위뇨실금시일충질병,84.79%(630/743)적노년인대뇨실금시부가이치유존재착오인식,89.50%(665/743)적노년인대뇨실금시부가이예방존재착오인식.248명뇨실금자중,도과사구위생복무중심혹의원취진적지유12인(4.84%),치료방법균위약물치료.결론 천진시계현농촌노년인뇨실금환병솔교고,단이경도위주,대부분노년인대뇨실금결핍인식급족구적중시,차취진처리시간체후、진치불규범.
Objective To understand the prevalence of urinary incontinence(UI)and its severity in rural elderly people,as well as to investigate the awareness on UI in the elderly and health-care service seeking behavior.Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in two townships of Jixian county,Tianjin.A total of 743 people aged 60 years and over were selected under cluster sampling method.All the information was collected with a standardized structured questionnaire by face-to-face interview.Prevalence,severity,the awareness on UI in the elderly and their utilization of health-care service for its diagnosis and treatment were analyzed.Results Prevalence of UI was 33.38% among people aged 60 years and over in two townships of Jixian,higher in females than in males(43.15% vs.22.75%,χ~2=34.70,P＜0.0001).The prevalence rates of UI in 60-age group,65-age group,70-age group,75-age group,80-age group,85-95 age group were 28.64%,32.12%,34.08%,35.45%,47.76%,30.00%,respectively,and increased with age (for trend χ~2=219,P=0.029).Stress urinary incontinence(SUI)and urge urinary incontinence(UUI)were mild,while mixed urinary incontinence(MUI)were mainly moderate.The differences of severity of SUI,UUI,MUI between men and women did not show statistical significance(all P＞0.05).In 743 elderly people,more than half of the respondents had never heard of UI(50.20%,373/743)and only 170(22.88%)elderly people considered UI as a disease.630(84.79%)and 665(89.50%)elderly people in our research group did not know that such condition was curable and preventable.In 248 elderly people with UI,only 12(4.84%)of them ever seeking community health-care services in the health-care centers or hospitals.For the ones who did visit the centers,the purpose was only to seek for drug treatment.Conclusion Prevalence of UI appeared to be high among the elderly people in rural areas of Jixian county.Most of the elderly people were lack of knowledge about UI that hindered them from seeking for diagnosis and treatment in the clinics,plus the treatment program for UI was not standardized.Knowledge on UI and health care seeking behavior should be popularized and strengthened among elderly people living in the rural areas.