CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解武汉市农药中毒发生的特点及原因,为制定防治对策提供科学依据.方法收集武汉市2002至2010年农药中毒登记数据,采用SAS 9.1软件进行统计分析.结果 2002至2010年武汉市共发生农药中毒4713例,其中,生产性农药中毒2737例,占58.1％,死亡2例,病死率为0.07％；非生产性农药中毒1976例,占41.9％,死亡159例,病死率为8.05％.引起生产性农药中毒的主要农药类别是杀虫剂1713例,占70.6％,在杀虫剂中主要是有机磷,且以对硫磷、敌敌畏、甲胺磷为主.生产性农药中毒以男性(1884例)为主,占68.8％；而非生产性农药中毒则相反,以女性(1319例)为主,占66.8％.生产性农药中毒的高发年龄为30～59岁(2239例,占81.8％)；非生产性农药中毒者的高发年龄为30～44岁和≥70岁组,分别为665例(33.6％)和209例(10.6％).生产性农药中毒高发的地区分布为蔡甸区最高(1016例,占37.1％),其他依次为东西湖区、汉南区和黄陂区.农药中毒发生时间集中在第三季度.生产性农药中毒的原因主要有防护不良、持续作业时间过长及未执行操作规程.非生产性农药中毒的主要原因为服毒自杀.结论武汉市的生产性农药中毒高发人群以中年男性为主,中毒农药主要为杀虫剂.
목적 료해무한시농약중독발생적특점급원인,위제정방치대책제공과학의거.방법 수집무한시2002지2010년농약중독등기수거,채용SAS 9.1연건진행통계분석.결과 2002지2010년무한시공발생농약중독4713례,기중,생산성농약중독2737례,점58.1％,사망2례,병사솔위0.07％；비생산성농약중독1976례,점41.9％,사망159례,병사솔위8.05％.인기생산성농약중독적주요농약유별시살충제1713례,점70.6％,재살충제중주요시유궤린,차이대류린、활활외、갑알린위주.생산성농약중독이남성(1884례)위주,점68.8％；이비생산성농약중독칙상반,이녀성(1319례)위주,점66.8％.생산성농약중독적고발년령위30～59세(2239례,점81.8％)；비생산성농약중독자적고발년령위30～44세화≥70세조,분별위665례(33.6％)화209례(10.6％).생산성농약중독고발적지구분포위채전구최고(1016례,점37.1％),기타의차위동서호구、한남구화황피구.농약중독발생시간집중재제삼계도.생산성농약중독적원인주요유방호불량、지속작업시간과장급미집행조작규정.비생산성농약중독적주요원인위복독자살.결론 무한시적생산성농약중독고발인군이중년남성위주,중독농약주요위살충제.
Objective To provide scientific evidence of making measures for prevention of pesticide poisoning,the investigation on the condition of pesticides poisoning was carried out in Wuhan.Methods Registration data of pesticide poisoning from 2002 to 2010 in Wuhan were collected and statistically analyzed by SAS 9.1.Results During the nine years,there were 4713 cases reported for pesticide poisoning.Among them,the number of occupational poisoning was 2737 (2 cases died),with fatality rate of 0.07％.The number of nonoccupational poisoning was 1976 (159 cases died),and its fatality rate was 8.05％.The incidence of occupational poisoning and non-occupational poisoning accounted for 58.1％ and 41.9％,respectively.Insecticides especially organophosphorus insecticides,such as parathion,dichlorvos,and methamidophos accounted for 70.6％ of the poisoning.Occupational poisoning took place mainly in man,accounting for 68.8％,Non-occupational or life poisoning in contrast mainly occurred in women with a proportion of 66.8％.The majority of the occupational poisoning were 30～59 year-old patients (2239 cases,81.8％).The majority of the non-occupational poisoning were 30～44 year-old patients (665 cases,33.6％) and ≧ 70 years old patients (209 cases,10.6％ ).High incidence of occupational pesticide poisoning,the regional distribution of Caidian( 1016cases,37.1％ ) highest,followed by the Dongxihu,Hannan and Huangpi.The pesticide poisoning mainly occurred from July to September.The occupational poisoning was mainly caused by poor protection,long working hours,and practice not implemented.The non-occupational poisoning was mainly caused by suicide.Conclusions The majority of the occupational poisoning in Wuhan was middle-aged men.The pesticide poisoning was mainlg caused by insecficides.