CAJ | 학술논문

采用海水陆基围隔实验方法探讨三疣梭子蟹和凡纳滨对虾混养的适宜配比和水环境的变化,并比较其养殖效果.实验中对虾6个放养密度分别为0,15,45,75,105,135 尾/m~2;三疣梭子蟹的密度为6尾/m~2.实验结果表明,经过60 d的养殖,混养组梭子蟹的成活率、规格和净产量均优于梭子蟹单养组,其中,混养对虾密度为45尾/m~2组(45.71%,43.22 g/ind,1 191 kg/hm~2)最高,其次是75尾/m~2组(44.58%,39.13 g/ind,1 050 kg/hm~2),梭子蟹单养组(35.13%,32.87 g/ind,693 kg/hm~2)最低.混养6尾/m~2密度梭子蟹条件下,对虾的养成规格和成活率与对虾密度呈负相关.实验后期各混养组水体中总氨氮、亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐和总氮含量均显著高于单养组,且随对虾放养密度增高显著上升.水体总氨氮含量各混养组在养殖50 d后均超过500 μg/L.本实验表明:三疣梭子蟹与凡纳滨对虾混养的最佳配比为三疣梭子蟹6尾/m~2,对虾45～75尾/m~2.
채용해수륙기위격실험방법탐토삼우사자해화범납빈대하혼양적괄의배비화수배경적변화,병비교기양식효과.실험중대하6개방양밀도분별위0,15,45,75,105,135 미/m~2;삼우사자해적밀도위6미/m~2.실험결과표명,경과60 d적양식,혼양조사자해적성활솔、규격화정산량균우우사자해단양조,기중,혼양대하밀도위45미/m~2조(45.71%,43.22 g/ind,1 191 kg/hm~2)최고,기차시75미/m~2조(44.58%,39.13 g/ind,1 050 kg/hm~2),사자해단양조(35.13%,32.87 g/ind,693 kg/hm~2)최저.혼양6미/m~2밀도사자해조건하,대하적양성규격화성활솔여대하밀도정부상관.실험후기각혼양조수체중총안담、아초산염、초산염화총담함량균현저고우단양조,차수대하방양밀도증고현저상승.수체총안담함량각혼양조재양식50 d후균초과500 μg/L.본실험표명:삼우사자해여범납빈대하혼양적최가배비위삼우사자해6미/m~2,대하45～75미/m~2.
The study was designed and conducted to optimize the structure of polyculture for shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei with crab Portunus trituberculatus, and to compare their ecological efficiencies and water quality parameters. The experiments were conducted with land-based enclosures (5×5 m) setting in an earthen pond, in which crabs were stocked at a density of 6 ind·m~(-2) with shrimps at six different densities of 0, 15, 45, 75, 105 and 135 ind·m~(-2) respectively. The results showed that all the poly-culture treatments were superior to crab mono-culture treatment in survival rate, final size and net production. The highest survival rate, final size and net production of shrimp were 45.71%, 43.22 g·ind-1 and 1 191 kg·hm~(-2) for the treatment of 45 ind·m~(-2), followed by 44.58%, 39.13 g·ind-1 and 1 050 kg·hm-2 for the treatment of 75 ind·m~(-2), and the lowest were 35.13%, 32.87 g·ind~(-1) and 693 kg·hm~(-2), which occurred in crab mono-culture treatment during the experimental duration of 60 d. The final size and survival rate had negative correlation with their stocking density. The concentrations of TAN, NO_2-N, NO_3-N and TN in poly-culture were higher than those in crab mono-culture significantly, and the concentrations of those were increased with the shrimp stock density significantly at the end of the culture period. The concentration of TAN in all poly-culture treatment was above 500 μg/L after 50 d. The treatment giving the best culturing benefit was crabs at 6 ind·m~(-2) and shrimps at 45-75 ind·m~(-2).