CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解流动儿童计划免疫接种状况并探讨当前影响流动儿童接受预防接种实施的主要因素，为我国流动儿童计划免疫相关工作提供依据。方法采用系统抽样和简单随机抽样的方法在佛山市南海罗村区街道内分别抽取部分居住时间满6个月以上且年龄在6周岁及以下的流动儿童和户籍儿童，对其的计划免疫实施情况进行调查。结果流动儿童单苗接种率为90．16％～99．74％，“六苗”全程接种率为88．45％，流动儿童的乙肝、乙脑和全程接种率低于户籍儿童（χ2值分别为7．057、10．211和6．317，均P＜0．05）；792名流动儿童中未及时接种疫苗者93人，“不知道接种时间和地点”者占24．86％、“家庭住址距离预防接种点太远”者占22．60％、“预防接种时间与家长上班时间刚好冲突”者占21．47％，上述是造成流动儿童预防接种率较低的主要原因；多因素Logistic回归分析显示，影响流动儿童计划免疫接种的主要因素有父亲文化程度（ OR＝1．403，95％CI：1．022～1．926，P＝0．036）、母亲文化程度（ OR＝1．854，95％CI：1．249～2．752，P＝0．001）、家庭平均月收入（ OR＝1．791，95％CI：1．111～2．888，P＝0．002）、家庭与接种点距离（OR＝0．432，95％CI：0．241～0．778，P＝0．005）。结论流动儿童部分疫苗接种率低于户籍儿童，影响流动儿童计划免疫状况的因素有：父亲文化程度、母亲文化程度、家庭平均月收入、家庭与接种点距离。
목적：료해류동인동계화면역접충상황병탐토당전영향류동인동접수예방접충실시적주요인소，위아국류동인동계화면역상관공작제공의거。방법채용계통추양화간단수궤추양적방법재불산시남해라촌구가도내분별추취부분거주시간만6개월이상차년령재6주세급이하적류동인동화호적인동，대기적계화면역실시정황진행조사。결과류동인동단묘접충솔위90．16％～99．74％，“륙묘”전정접충솔위88．45％，류동인동적을간、을뇌화전정접충솔저우호적인동（χ2치분별위7．057、10．211화6．317，균P＜0．05）；792명류동인동중미급시접충역묘자93인，“불지도접충시간화지점”자점24．86％、“가정주지거리예방접충점태원”자점22．60％、“예방접충시간여가장상반시간강호충돌”자점21．47％，상술시조성류동인동예방접충솔교저적주요원인；다인소Logistic회귀분석현시，영향류동인동계화면역접충적주요인소유부친문화정도（ OR＝1．403，95％CI：1．022～1．926，P＝0．036）、모친문화정도（ OR＝1．854，95％CI：1．249～2．752，P＝0．001）、가정평균월수입（ OR＝1．791，95％CI：1．111～2．888，P＝0．002）、가정여접충점거리（OR＝0．432，95％CI：0．241～0．778，P＝0．005）。결론류동인동부분역묘접충솔저우호적인동，영향류동인동계화면역상황적인소유：부친문화정도、모친문화정도、가정평균월수입、가정여접충점거리。
Objective To understand the immunization status of migrant children and to explore the main factors currently affecting preventive immunization of migrant children, so as to provide evidence for children immunization program in China.Methods Systematic sampling and simple random sampling methods were used to extract part of migrant children aged 0.5-6 years living in Luocun Street for longer than 6 months and household registered children.Their immunization status was investigated.Results Single vaccination rate of the migrant children was 90.16%-99.74%, and the vaccination rate of full coverage of six seedlings was 88.45%.The vaccination rates of hepatitis B, Japanese B encephalitis and full coverage of migrant children were lower than registered children (χ2 value was 7.057, 10.211 and 7.057, respectively, all P<0.05).Among 792 migrant children, there were 93 children not vaccinated timely, 24.86%parents did not know the time and place for vaccination, 22.60% parents considered that home was too far away from the vaccination place, and 21.47%parents said that vaccination time conflicted with their work time.These were the major factors causing low vaccination rate of migrant children.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the major influencing factors of migrant children included father’ s education level(OR=1.403,95%CI:1.022-1.926,P=0.036), mother’s education level(OR=1.854, 95%CI:1.249-2.752,P=0.001), family monthly income(OR=1.791, 95%CI:1.111-2.888,P=0.002), distance between house address and vaccination place (OR=0.432, 95%CI:0.241-0.778,P=0.005).Conclusion The vaccination rate of some vaccines of migrant children is lower than registered children.The factors affecting immunization status of migrant children include parents’ education level, family monthly income and the distance between house address and inoculation place.