CAJ | 학술논문

　　在现有的电池技术和充电条件下，快换式充电站成为国内纯电动公交最主要的能量补给摸式。针对电池组充电电费过高和增加配电网峰谷差的问题，以及换电站内快换工位和备用电池空闲的情况，在保证车辆正常运营的前提下，以充电站内全天充电电费最低为目标，建立了充电变功率工况下基于分时电价的换电站经济运行模型，通过遗传智能优化算法合理安排电池组的开始充电时间，降低充电电费，从而实现换电站的经济运行。分别基于北京北土城充电站和上海世博会充电站的实际数据和统计结果进行算例仿真，验证了算法的有效性。结果表明，该算法不仅能降低充电站充电电费，还能降低充电站白天对配电网的负荷压力，补充夜间负荷，减小配电网的峰谷差，在实现充电站经济运行的同时还有助于配电网的经济运行。
　　재현유적전지기술화충전조건하，쾌환식충전참성위국내순전동공교최주요적능량보급모식。침대전지조충전전비과고화증가배전망봉곡차적문제，이급환전참내쾌환공위화비용전지공한적정황，재보증차량정상운영적전제하，이충전참내전천충전전비최저위목표，건립료충전변공솔공황하기우분시전개적환전참경제운행모형，통과유전지능우화산법합리안배전지조적개시충전시간，강저충전전비，종이실현환전참적경제운행。분별기우북경북토성충전참화상해세박회충전참적실제수거화통계결과진행산례방진，험증료산법적유효성。결과표명，해산법불부능강저충전참충전전비，환능강저충전참백천대배전망적부하압력，보충야간부하，감소배전망적봉곡차，재실현충전참경제운행적동시환유조우배전망적경제운행。
Under existing battery technology and charging condition the quick exchange station becomes the main energy replenishment mode for all-electric battery buses in China. In allusion to expensive charging cost of batteries and enlarging the peak-valley difference in distribution network as well as the idle quick exchange station and standby batteries within the swapping station, under the premise of ensuring normal operation of electric buses and taking minimal all-day charging expense as the objective a time-of-use power price based economic operation model under working condition with variable charging power is built, and through intelligent optimization of genetic algorithm the time to starting the charging of battery packs is reasonably scheduled to decrease charging expense, thus the economic operation of swapping station is implemented. Simulations based on actual data and statistical results from Beijing Beitucheng charging station and Shanghai World Expo charging station are respectively performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Simulation results show that using the proposed algorithm not only the charging expenses of charging stations can be decreased, but also the pressure of load exerted on distribution network in daytime can be reduced and the load in nighttime can be raised and the peak-valley difference in distribution network can be mitigated, thus it contributes to the economic operation of distribution network while the economic operation of charging station is achieved.