CAJ | 학술논문

　　为探索CaO预处理方法对玉米秸秆厌氧消化产沼气的影响，采用了3种不同质量百分数的CaO分别在3种不同处理时间下对玉米秸秆进行预处理，并在中温条件下进行了厌氧消化试验。试验结果表明，经过CaO预处理后，玉米秸秆的组分被不同程度破坏，厌氧消化产沼气能力有较大提高，厌氧消化时间有所缩短。综合日产气量、累积产气量、厌氧消化时间等各项参数来看，以5%CaO预处理3d的处理效果最佳，与未经预处理的效果相比，累积产气量提高了136.85%，消化时间缩短了5d，总固体（TS）和挥发性固体（VS）去除率分别提高了21.72%和7.18%，综合效果要优于其他处理组，有效地提高了玉米秸秆厌氧消化的产气量和产气效率。
　　위탐색CaO예처리방법대옥미갈간염양소화산소기적영향，채용료3충불동질량백분수적CaO분별재3충불동처리시간하대옥미갈간진행예처리，병재중온조건하진행료염양소화시험。시험결과표명，경과CaO예처리후，옥미갈간적조분피불동정도파배，염양소화산소기능력유교대제고，염양소화시간유소축단。종합일산기량、루적산기량、염양소화시간등각항삼수래간，이5%CaO예처리3d적처리효과최가，여미경예처리적효과상비，루적산기량제고료136.85%，소화시간축단료5d，총고체（TS）화휘발성고체（VS）거제솔분별제고료21.72%화7.18%，종합효과요우우기타처리조，유효지제고료옥미갈간염양소화적산기량화산기효솔。
Due to the dense materials-hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin which were difficult to degrade in the crop straws, the anaerobic decomposition couldn’t decompose and utilize the crop straw quickly and efficiently. Appropriate pretreatments were needed to promote the efficiency of crop straw digestion. Lots of studies at home and abroad had shown that alkali pretreatment of crop straw had many advantages, such as having short processing time, good gas production and so on. To improve the gas production ability meanwhile reduce costs and security risks, relatively low cost and high security CaO was chosen as the pretreating agent in this study. Corn straws were pretreated by three different weight percentages (3%, 5% and 7%) of CaO retting for three different time (three days, five days and seven days) in an incubator chamber at (25±1)℃, and the effects with different conditions of CaO pretreatment on anaerobic digestion of corn straws for variation of components and anaerobic digestion performance (under temperature of (38±2)℃) were studied. A control set with untreated corn straws was also done to compare the difference with the treated ones. The experiments were set up in triplicate. The results showed that having been pretreated by CaO, the total content of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin in corn straws was decreased, and the daily gas production and cumulative gas production got a substantial increase compared with the control. In addition, the starting time and digestion time was shortened significantly. The cellulose degradation effect of 5%and 3%of CaO with 3 days and 5%of CaO with 7 days were better in these nine pretreatments, and the degradation rates were 60.67%, 44.12% and 39.28%, respectively. The cumulative biogas production of 5% and 3% of CaO with 3 days were higher than others, and their unit dry mass gas production were 381.87mL/g and 369.00mL/g, which were 136.85% and 128.91% higher than the control. The digestion time of 80%of maximum gas production of all the treated groups was shortened by 3 to 10 days compared with the control. Most of the treated groups had significantly improved the TS and VS removal efficiency. The TS removal rates of 5%and 3%of CaO with 3 days and 3%of CaO with 5 days were 66.45%, 64.58%and 61.37%, respectively. The VS removal rates of 5%of CaO with 5 days and 3%and 5%of CaO with 3 days were improved by 10.20%, 7.95% and 7.18%, respectively. Taking daily biogas production, cumulative biogas production, anaerobic digestion time and the TS and VS removal rate into account, the weight percentage 3%of CaO with 3 days pretreatment was the best, compared with the control. The cumulative biogas production of this best treatment increased by 136.85%, and the fermentation time was shortened by 5 days. Meanwhile, the removal rates of TS increased by 21.72%and the removal rates of VS increased by 7.18%. Therefore, the weight percentage 3%of CaO with 3 days pretreatment exhibited the best effect in all of the cases, and it improved the biogas production rate and the biogas production efficiency of anaerobic digestion of corn straws effectively.