中国电机工程学报
中國電機工程學報
중국전궤공정학보
ZHONGGUO DIANJI GONGCHENG XUEBAO
2013年
22期
166-174
,共9页
水树枝%电树枝%转化%交联聚乙烯%击穿
水樹枝%電樹枝%轉化%交聯聚乙烯%擊穿
수수지%전수지%전화%교련취을희%격천
water tree%electrical tree%transformation%cross-linked Polyethylene (XLPE)%breakdown
水树枝老化是运行在潮湿环境下的聚烯烃电力电缆发生绝缘击穿的主要诱因，水树枝在一定情况下可能引发电树枝，进而导致绝缘击穿。该文主要研究水分和水树枝劣化对交联聚乙烯(cross-linked Polyethylene，XLPE)中电树枝引发生长的影响。选用过氧化物交联聚乙烯作为实验材料，用水针电极、高频加速老化的方法培养水树枝，采用计算机实时显微数字摄像系统观测电树枝的引发和发展。分别研究了湿润水树枝和干燥水树枝在不同电极类型(水针电极、钢针电极)、不同电压下(15、20 kV)向电树枝的转化规律。实验研究发现：就电树枝的平均引发时间而言，未劣化试样最短，湿润水树枝试样最长，干燥水树枝试样介于二者之间；就电树枝引发率而言，干燥水树枝试样最高，湿润水树枝试样最低，未劣化试样介于二者之间；采用水针电极时，3种试样引发的电树枝均为枝状。结合对比3种试样中电树枝的形态，研究了湿润水树枝和干燥水树枝中电树枝的引发和生长机制。
水樹枝老化是運行在潮濕環境下的聚烯烴電力電纜髮生絕緣擊穿的主要誘因，水樹枝在一定情況下可能引髮電樹枝，進而導緻絕緣擊穿。該文主要研究水分和水樹枝劣化對交聯聚乙烯(cross-linked Polyethylene，XLPE)中電樹枝引髮生長的影響。選用過氧化物交聯聚乙烯作為實驗材料，用水針電極、高頻加速老化的方法培養水樹枝，採用計算機實時顯微數字攝像繫統觀測電樹枝的引髮和髮展。分彆研究瞭濕潤水樹枝和榦燥水樹枝在不同電極類型(水針電極、鋼針電極)、不同電壓下(15、20 kV)嚮電樹枝的轉化規律。實驗研究髮現：就電樹枝的平均引髮時間而言，未劣化試樣最短，濕潤水樹枝試樣最長，榦燥水樹枝試樣介于二者之間；就電樹枝引髮率而言，榦燥水樹枝試樣最高，濕潤水樹枝試樣最低，未劣化試樣介于二者之間；採用水針電極時，3種試樣引髮的電樹枝均為枝狀。結閤對比3種試樣中電樹枝的形態，研究瞭濕潤水樹枝和榦燥水樹枝中電樹枝的引髮和生長機製。
수수지노화시운행재조습배경하적취희경전력전람발생절연격천적주요유인，수수지재일정정황하가능인발전수지，진이도치절연격천。해문주요연구수분화수수지열화대교련취을희(cross-linked Polyethylene，XLPE)중전수지인발생장적영향。선용과양화물교련취을희작위실험재료，용수침전겁、고빈가속노화적방법배양수수지，채용계산궤실시현미수자섭상계통관측전수지적인발화발전。분별연구료습윤수수지화간조수수지재불동전겁류형(수침전겁、강침전겁)、불동전압하(15、20 kV)향전수지적전화규률。실험연구발현：취전수지적평균인발시간이언，미열화시양최단，습윤수수지시양최장，간조수수지시양개우이자지간；취전수지인발솔이언，간조수수지시양최고，습윤수수지시양최저，미열화시양개우이자지간；채용수침전겁시，3충시양인발적전수지균위지상。결합대비3충시양중전수지적형태，연구료습윤수수지화간조수수지중전수지적인발화생장궤제。
Water treeing is the main inducement of insulating breakdown of long-time operation polyethylene (PE) power cables in humid environment. Water tree propagates to some extent may initiate electrical tree, which can eventually lead to insulation breakdown of power cables. The influence of moisture and water tree degradation on the initiation and propagation of electrical trees in cross linked polyethylene (XLPE) was studied. During the experiments, peroxide cross-linked polyethylene was chosen as the experimental material, liquid needle electrode and high frequency accelerated aging method were used for water tree development, and real-time digital microscopic camera system was used for observation of water-tree-transformed electrical treeing. The transformation of electrical trees from wetting and drying water tree samples with different electrodes (water needle electrode, steel needle electrode) was studied at different voltages (15kV, 20kV). Three experimental results are obtained. The average electrical tree initiation time of non-deterioration samples is shortest, that of wetting water tree samples is longest, while that of drying water tree samples is the medium of the two mentioned above. The electrical tree initiation rate of drying water tree samples is highest, that of wetting water tree samples is lowest, and that of non-deterioration samples is the medium of the two mentioned above. When water needle electrode is used in the three kinds of samples, the electrical trees initiated are all branch-like. The different mechanisms of electrical treeing in the three kinds of samples are studied.
