CAJ | 학술논문

　　鸢乌贼是南海重要的渔业资源之一，是大型光诱罩网渔船的主要捕捞对象。以2011年4个季度西沙海域光诱罩网船作业随机采集的542尾鸢乌贼（Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis）为样本，研究其摄食与繁殖生物学特性。结果表明：鸢乌贼雌雄比为1∶1，雌性成熟高峰期为冬季，平均性成熟指数（gonad somatic index，GSI）为2.97，雄性成熟高峰期为夏季，平均GSI为1.89；胴长171 mm以上雌性个体出现一次性腺发育高峰期，GSI达到8.59，111～140 mm胴长组雄性个体出现一次性腺发育高峰期，GSI为1.92，雌、雄GSI随胴长变化均较显著（p值<0.05）；雌、雄初次性成熟胴长分别为159 mm和83 mm；同一胴长组中雌、雄个体的平均饵料质量差异性不显著（p值>0.05），但雌性个体最大饵料质量大于雄性个体；雌雄鸢乌贼摄食强度随胴长增加呈现总体上升的趋势，摄食等级除夏季以2级和3级为主外，其余各季度均以3级和4级为主，其中，3、4级在春季和冬季分别占71.02%和79.02%；空胃率（摄食等级为0）在秋季所占比例较高，为16.22%，其余3个季度空胃率均不超过5%，摄食对象以鱼类、头足类和甲壳类为主，且有同类相残现象。
　　연오적시남해중요적어업자원지일，시대형광유조망어선적주요포로대상。이2011년4개계도서사해역광유조망선작업수궤채집적542미연오적（Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis）위양본，연구기섭식여번식생물학특성。결과표명：연오적자웅비위1∶1，자성성숙고봉기위동계，평균성성숙지수（gonad somatic index，GSI）위2.97，웅성성숙고봉기위하계，평균GSI위1.89；동장171 mm이상자성개체출현일차성선발육고봉기，GSI체도8.59，111～140 mm동장조웅성개체출현일차성선발육고봉기，GSI위1.92，자、웅GSI수동장변화균교현저（p치<0.05）；자、웅초차성성숙동장분별위159 mm화83 mm；동일동장조중자、웅개체적평균이료질량차이성불현저（p치>0.05），단자성개체최대이료질량대우웅성개체；자웅연오적섭식강도수동장증가정현총체상승적추세，섭식등급제하계이2급화3급위주외，기여각계도균이3급화4급위주，기중，3、4급재춘계화동계분별점71.02%화79.02%；공위솔（섭식등급위0）재추계소점비례교고，위16.22%，기여3개계도공위솔균불초과5%，섭식대상이어류、두족류화갑각류위주，차유동류상잔현상。
Sthenoeuthis oualaniensis stock is recently exploited by light falling net and is one of important fishery resources in the South China Sea. Biological characteristics, stomach contents and gonad maturity were studied based on 542 specimens of S. oualaniensis randomly collected from fishing vessels in the Xisha Islands waters in 2011. The results showed that the sex ratio of S. oualaniensis was about 1∶1. The male mature period peaked in summer with the average gonad somatic index (GSI) of 1.89,while the female maturation peak occurred in winter with the average GSI at 2.97. Male mantle length ranged from 111 mm to 140 mm with a peak GSI value of 1.92, whereas female mantle length above 171 mm reached a peak GSI at 8.59. The GSI was sexually different(P<0.05), and the mantle lengths at first maturity of S. oualaniensis were female 159 mm and male 83 mm. There was no sexual differences(P>0.05)on average prey weight of S. oualaniensis with the same mantle length range, but maximum prey weight was higher in males than in females. Feeding strength increased with mantle length. Feeding strength was at lower level mainly grade 2 and 3 in summer, and higher level mainly grade 3 and 4 in other seasons. The percentage of level 3 and 4 in spring and winter were 71.02%and 79.02%, respectively. Empty stomach accounted for high proportion in autumn with a value of 16.22%, while in the other seasons were lower than 5%.The diets of S. oualaniensis were fishes, cephalopods and crustaceans, cannibalism was also detected.