CAJ | 학술논문

　　针对浅埋近距离煤层工作面在推出上覆遗留煤柱过程中普遍出现的压架灾害，采用理论分析和模拟实验，结合压架发生的机理，提出了相应的防治对策。结果表明：出煤柱开采时，煤柱上方2关键块体形成的三铰式结构是不稳定的，该结构的相对回转运动会造成煤层间关键层断裂结构的载荷过大而失稳，最终引起工作面的压架。因此，控制关键块体的回转运动是防治压架的关键。据此提出了以促使关键块体提前回转、阻止和破坏其回转3个方面为思路的压架灾害防治措施，各措施的防治效果得到了相似材料模拟实验的验证，现场应用效果显著。
　　침대천매근거리매층공작면재추출상복유류매주과정중보편출현적압가재해，채용이론분석화모의실험，결합압가발생적궤리，제출료상응적방치대책。결과표명：출매주개채시，매주상방2관건괴체형성적삼교식결구시불은정적，해결구적상대회전운동회조성매층간관건층단렬결구적재하과대이실은，최종인기공작면적압가。인차，공제관건괴체적회전운동시방치압가적관건。거차제출료이촉사관건괴체제전회전、조지화파배기회전3개방면위사로적압가재해방치조시，각조시적방치효과득도료상사재료모의실험적험증，현장응용효과현저。
Aiming at the universal support crushing disasters during mining out the upper coal pillars in close distance shallow seams, the prevention measures for the disaster were proposed on the basis of the inherent mechanism of the support crushing by theoretical analysis and simulation experiments. The results showed that, while mining out the upper coal pillar, the three hinged structure of the key blocks above the coal pillar was unstable, whose relative rotary movement would cause the key stratum structure between the two seams to lose its balance because of overload. Thus the support crushing accident in the mining face jammed. Therefore, the key to the disaster prevention was to regulate the key blocks’ rotary movement. Hereby, the disaster prevention measures of the support crushing were proposed by prompting the key blocks to rotate in advance, preventing and destroying their rotation. All the prevention measures were verified by the similar material simulation experiments with a notable field application effect.