CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解陕西省农村中、小学生的忽视状况。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法，于2011年11月在陕西省随机抽取4个县不同学校不同年级的3084人，其中小学1～3年级664人，4～6年级685人，初中831人，高中904人。分别给予“中国农村6～11岁小学生忽视评价常模”和“中国农村12～17岁中学生忽视评价常模”进行问卷调查，并对不同年龄、性别、忽视层面（身体、情感、安全、教育、医疗、社会忽视6个层面）的忽视度与忽视率等进行统计学分析。结果忽视发生率呈现随年龄增加而增高的趋势（χ2＝14．371，P＜0．05）；男生的忽视度和忽视率均高于女生（χ2＝6．098，P＜0．05）；身体、情感、教育、安全、医疗方面的忽视率，各年级组学生比较，差异均具有统计学意义（χ2值分别为23．649、39．645、41．632、55．504和16．394，均P＜0．05）；留守学生的忽视度及忽视率高于非留守学生，具有显著性差异（χ2＝16．356，P＜0．001）。结论陕西省农村中、小学生忽视状况严重，有待于进一步探讨其影响因素，从而采取有效干预措施。
목적：료해합서성농촌중、소학생적홀시상황。방법채용정군수궤추양적방법，우2011년11월재합서성수궤추취4개현불동학교불동년급적3084인，기중소학1～3년급664인，4～6년급685인，초중831인，고중904인。분별급여“중국농촌6～11세소학생홀시평개상모”화“중국농촌12～17세중학생홀시평개상모”진행문권조사，병대불동년령、성별、홀시층면（신체、정감、안전、교육、의료、사회홀시6개층면）적홀시도여홀시솔등진행통계학분석。결과홀시발생솔정현수년령증가이증고적추세（χ2＝14．371，P＜0．05）；남생적홀시도화홀시솔균고우녀생（χ2＝6．098，P＜0．05）；신체、정감、교육、안전、의료방면적홀시솔，각년급조학생비교，차이균구유통계학의의（χ2치분별위23．649、39．645、41．632、55．504화16．394，균P＜0．05）；류수학생적홀시도급홀시솔고우비류수학생，구유현저성차이（χ2＝16．356，P＜0．001）。결론합서성농촌중、소학생홀시상황엄중，유대우진일보탐토기영향인소，종이채취유효간예조시。
Objective To investigate the current status of neglect condition of students in primary school and middle school in rural areas of Shaanxi Province.Methods Cluster random sampling was used to select 3 084 students in different schools from 4 counties in Shaanxi Province in December 2011, including 664 pupils in grade 1-3, 685 pupils in grade 4-6, 831 students at junior middle school and 904 students at senior middle school.They were investigated with Neglect Evaluation Norm for Rural Primary School Students Aged 6-11 in China and Neglect Evaluation Norm for Rural Middle School Students Aged 12-17 in China, and the neglect degree and neglect rate in different age, gender and neglect aspect ( including body, motion, safety, education, medication and society) were analyzed.Results The incidence of neglect increased with age increasing (χ2 =14.371, P<0.05), and the neglect degree and rate of boys were higher than girls (χ2 =6.098,P<0.05).There were statistical differences in body, motion, education, safety and medication among students in different grades (χ2 value was 23.649, 39.645, 41.632, 55.504 and 16.394, respectively, all P<0.05).Left-behind students had higher neglect degree and rate than non-left-behind students, and the differences were significant (χ2 =16.356, P<0.001).Conclusion In rural areas of Shaanxi Province, the neglect situation of students is serious, and the influencing factors need to be further explored so that effective interventions can be taken.