CAJ | 학술논문

　　使用杭州湾1959－2010年的水下地形图，结合过去数十年来长江入海水沙量和钱塘江河口段冲淤变化状况，分析了近50 a来杭州湾在长江入海泥沙量锐减和治江围涂等人类活动作用下的冲淤变化规律及其物理机理。结果表明，乍浦以上区域近50 a来处于较显著的淤积状态，且有自上向下发展的趋势，这种淤积主要是由于钱塘江河口治江缩窄工程所引起的；湾内地形发生了局部调整，部分小型潮流槽脊系统趋于消亡，地形趋于平坦化，湾口北部2003年以后有转淤为冲的趋势，这与长江入海泥沙量锐减和该区域围垦工程等因素有关；1959－2003和2003－2010年两个时段，湾内泥沙淤积的年平均值分别为0.91×108和1.66×108 m 3。对于整个钱塘江河口系统而言，即自杭州湾湾口至钱塘江河口段的闸口断面，长江入海泥沙量减少所产生的影响尚不明显，2003年以后泥沙淤积速率甚至有所上升。杭州湾近50 a的冲淤变化是人为强烈干预下的大流域－河口系统响应与中小流域－河口系统响应的调整结果。
　　사용항주만1959－2010년적수하지형도，결합과거수십년래장강입해수사량화전당강하구단충어변화상황，분석료근50 a래항주만재장강입해니사량예감화치강위도등인류활동작용하적충어변화규률급기물리궤리。결과표명，사포이상구역근50 a래처우교현저적어적상태，차유자상향하발전적추세，저충어적주요시유우전당강하구치강축착공정소인기적；만내지형발생료국부조정，부분소형조류조척계통추우소망，지형추우평탄화，만구북부2003년이후유전어위충적추세，저여장강입해니사량예감화해구역위은공정등인소유관；1959－2003화2003－2010년량개시단，만내니사어적적년평균치분별위0.91×108화1.66×108 m 3。대우정개전당강하구계통이언，즉자항주만만구지전당강하구단적갑구단면，장강입해니사량감소소산생적영향상불명현，2003년이후니사어적속솔심지유소상승。항주만근50 a적충어변화시인위강렬간예하적대류역－하구계통향응여중소류역－하구계통향응적조정결과。
Decadal variations in the erosion/deposition pattern of the Hangzhou Bay and their physical mechanism in recent years have been studied based on the bathymetrical data in 1959 ,2003 and 2010 ,and historical changes of sediment supply from the Changjiang River and erosion/deposition in Qiantang estuary. The results show that (1) the upstream of Hangzhou Bay have been obviously deposited since 1959 ,and the deposition is featured by a devel-oping trend toward downstream ;(2) local bathymetry have been adjusted in the last half century ,some small-scale shoal-channel systems have disappeared and the northern bank of the bay mouth have been been eroded since 2003 while it was deposited before 2003;(3) during 1959-2003 and 2003-2010 ,the annually-averaged sediments de-posited in Hangzhou Bay are 0.91 × 10 8 and 1.66 × 108 m3 ,respectively ,and the corresponding deposition rates are0.2 and 9.3 mm/a;(4) the effects of the dramatic reduction of sediment supply from Changjiang River have been not obvious for the whole Qiantang Estuary ,i.e. from the Hangzhou Bay mouth to Zakou section ,further-more ,the annually-averaged deposition rate after 2003 is a little more than that before 2003. This is probably caused by the land reclamation of the Qiantang Estuary in the past. The erosion/deposition pattern of the Hang-zhou Bay in recent 50 a is a result of morphological response of both large and small river basin-estuary systems to human activities.