CAJ | 학술논문

　　以制干辣椒品种美国红为试验材料，在石羊河下游干旱绿洲大田条件下，设置3个调亏处理（轻度、中度、重度调亏）和正常灌水，研究结果盛期叶片气体交换和叶绿素荧光参数的变化规律，为辣椒水分管理提供理论参考。结果表明，在正常灌水、轻度调亏条件下，光合速率和蒸腾速率日变化分别呈双峰和单峰曲线，在中度和重度调亏下均呈单峰曲线。调亏灌溉使叶片的光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度显著降低，随着调亏程度的增加，光合下降过程中非气孔限制因素作用的时间提前和延长，叶片水分利用效率显著降低。轻度调亏对叶片光合色素含量和PSⅡ荧光参数的影响不显著；中度调亏下，叶绿素含量显著降低，类胡萝卜素含量下降不明显，PSⅡ潜在活性和量子产额显著降低，PSⅡ反应中心的光化学活性受到了明显抑制，最大光化学效率和电子传递速率无明显变化，非光化学猝灭系数显著升高，热耗散对光合机构起到了重要的保护作用；重度调亏对光合色素含量、气体交换参数和叶绿素荧光参数的影响均达显著水平，PSⅡ系统受到明显损伤。该时期轻度调亏对辣椒叶片PSⅡ系统影响不显著，在降低光合速率的同时，更大幅度地降低了蒸腾速率，提高了叶片水分利用效率，可以实现节水增效。
　　이제간랄초품충미국홍위시험재료，재석양하하유간한록주대전조건하，설치3개조우처리（경도、중도、중도조우）화정상관수，연구결과성기협편기체교환화협록소형광삼수적변화규률，위랄초수분관리제공이론삼고。결과표명，재정상관수、경도조우조건하，광합속솔화증등속솔일변화분별정쌍봉화단봉곡선，재중도화중도조우하균정단봉곡선。조우관개사협편적광합속솔、증등속솔、기공도도현저강저，수착조우정도적증가，광합하강과정중비기공한제인소작용적시간제전화연장，협편수분이용효솔현저강저。경도조우대협편광합색소함량화PSⅡ형광삼수적영향불현저；중도조우하，협록소함량현저강저，류호라복소함량하강불명현，PSⅡ잠재활성화양자산액현저강저，PSⅡ반응중심적광화학활성수도료명현억제，최대광화학효솔화전자전체속솔무명현변화，비광화학졸멸계수현저승고，열모산대광합궤구기도료중요적보호작용；중도조우대광합색소함량、기체교환삼수화협록소형광삼수적영향균체현저수평，PSⅡ계통수도명현손상。해시기경도조우대랄초협편PSⅡ계통영향불현저，재강저광합속솔적동시，경대폭도지강저료증등속솔，제고료협편수분이용효솔，가이실현절수증효。
Three deficit irrigation treatments (light ,moderate and severe deficit irrigation ) and normal irrigation as control were tested on Meiguohong (dried variety of Capsicum annuum) in the field of dry oasis in the lower reaches of Shiyanghe River in attempt to investigate the effects of deficit regulated irrigation (RDI) on gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics at flourishing stage of Capsicum annuum ,and to provide some theoretical reference for water management of Capsicum annuum .The results showed that the diurnal variation curves of net photosynthetic rate ( Pn) and transpiration rate (Tr) demonstrated two-peak and one-peak curve respectively under normal irrigation (CK) and light regulated deficit irrigation (LD) ,and showed one-peak curve under moderate regulated deficit irrigation (MD) and severe deficit irrigation (SD) .RDI significantly reduced Pn ,Tr and stomatal conductance(Gs) .With the increase of water deficit ,the non-stomatal limitation of photosynthesis appeared earlier and prolonged ,causing significant reduction in water use efficiency .The effect of LD on the content of photosynthetic pigment and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters was not significant .Under MD treatment ,the content of chlorophyll decreased significantly ,but the content of carotenoid had not obvious decrease .Potential activity of PSⅡ and quantum yield of PSⅡ decreased significantly ,indicating re-markable inhibition in photochemical activity of PSⅡ ;The maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ and electric trans-port rate had no obvious change but non-photochemical quenching increased noticeablely ,which indicated that heat dissi-pation played important role in the protection of photosynthetic apparatus .The effects of SD on photosynthetic pigment content ,gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were significant ,and the PSⅡsystem was severely dam-aged .The LD treatment had no significant affect on photosystem II ,but improved WUE and substantially decreased Tr than Pn ,which may lead to the improvement of water use efficiency .