干旱地区农业研究
榦旱地區農業研究
간한지구농업연구
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE ARID AREAS
2013年
4期
11-15
,共5页
翟红梅%董宝娣%乔匀周%师长海%杨静%李东晓%刘月岩%刘孟雨
翟紅梅%董寶娣%喬勻週%師長海%楊靜%李東曉%劉月巖%劉孟雨
적홍매%동보제%교균주%사장해%양정%리동효%류월암%류맹우
基质栽培%微咸水%蔬菜%生长
基質栽培%微鹹水%蔬菜%生長
기질재배%미함수%소채%생장
substrate culture%brackish water%vegetable%growth
环渤海区淡水资源匮乏，咸水资源丰富，为解决水资源短缺以及微咸水灌溉引起土壤盐渍化问题，研究了在微咸水灌溉条件下，基质栽培对番茄、青椒和茄子生长发育的影响，以土壤栽培为对照，基质为腐熟秸秆、珍珠岩和炉渣按质量比1∶1∶1混合，深30 cm ，整个生育期灌溉3 g?L-1微咸水。结果表明：基质栽培条件下番茄和茄子的生长发育受到显著抑制，相对于土壤栽培，株高分别下降44．1％和25．1％，生物量分别下降80．4％和48．9％，产量下降49．2％和27．6％；青椒的株高和生物量下降15．2％和27．0％，但是产量没有显著变化。通过测定基质和土壤的盐分，发现在基质栽培条件下蔬菜受到盐分胁迫，植株耐盐性能降低，细胞膜完整性被破坏，导致番茄、青椒和茄子的光合速率分别下降18．5％、15．3％和14．1％。可见这种基质栽培条件适宜于浅根系作物，不适宜深根系作物，并且基质材料应该选择不含有盐碱土的炉渣。
環渤海區淡水資源匱乏，鹹水資源豐富，為解決水資源短缺以及微鹹水灌溉引起土壤鹽漬化問題，研究瞭在微鹹水灌溉條件下，基質栽培對番茄、青椒和茄子生長髮育的影響，以土壤栽培為對照，基質為腐熟秸稈、珍珠巖和爐渣按質量比1∶1∶1混閤，深30 cm ，整箇生育期灌溉3 g?L-1微鹹水。結果錶明：基質栽培條件下番茄和茄子的生長髮育受到顯著抑製，相對于土壤栽培，株高分彆下降44．1％和25．1％，生物量分彆下降80．4％和48．9％，產量下降49．2％和27．6％；青椒的株高和生物量下降15．2％和27．0％，但是產量沒有顯著變化。通過測定基質和土壤的鹽分，髮現在基質栽培條件下蔬菜受到鹽分脅迫，植株耐鹽性能降低，細胞膜完整性被破壞，導緻番茄、青椒和茄子的光閤速率分彆下降18．5％、15．3％和14．1％。可見這種基質栽培條件適宜于淺根繫作物，不適宜深根繫作物，併且基質材料應該選擇不含有鹽堿土的爐渣。
배발해구담수자원궤핍，함수자원봉부，위해결수자원단결이급미함수관개인기토양염지화문제，연구료재미함수관개조건하，기질재배대번가、청초화가자생장발육적영향，이토양재배위대조，기질위부숙갈간、진주암화로사안질량비1∶1∶1혼합，심30 cm ，정개생육기관개3 g?L-1미함수。결과표명：기질재배조건하번가화가자적생장발육수도현저억제，상대우토양재배，주고분별하강44．1％화25．1％，생물량분별하강80．4％화48．9％，산량하강49．2％화27．6％；청초적주고화생물량하강15．2％화27．0％，단시산량몰유현저변화。통과측정기질화토양적염분，발현재기질재배조건하소채수도염분협박，식주내염성능강저，세포막완정성피파배，도치번가、청초화가자적광합속솔분별하강18．5％、15．3％화14．1％。가견저충기질재배조건괄의우천근계작물，불괄의심근계작물，병차기질재료응해선택불함유염감토적로사。
Bohai Sea region has plenty of brackish water but short of freshwater resources .In attempt to find the so-lution to solve the problems of freshwater shortages and soil salinization caused by brackish water irrigation ,we studied the effect of substrate culture on the growth of tomato ,green pepper and eggplant under brackish water irrigation .The substrate used in this study was made of composting straw ,perlite ,and slag mixed in a mass ratio of 1∶1∶1 .The depth of groove was 30 cm .All vegetables were irrigated with 3 g?L-1 saline water .The results showed the growth and devel-opment of tomato and eggplant was significantly inhibited in substrate culture .Compared with soil cultivation ,the plant height of tomato and eggplant were decreased 44 .1% and 25 .1% respectively ,the biomass was decreased 80 .4% and 48 .9% ,respectively ,and the yield was decreased 49 .2% and 27 .6% respectively in substrate culture .Green pepper height and biomass were decreased 15 .2% and 27 .0% ,but the yield was not affected significantly .The salinity of ma-trix and soil was measured .We found vegetables were subjected to salt stress in the substrate culture conditions ,which led to a lower salt tolerance ,lower membrane integrity and lower photosynthesis rate .In conclusion ,this substrate cul-ture was not suitable for deep root crops ,but might be suitable for shallow root crops .The slag containing saline-alkali soil should not be used as matrix .
