CAJ | 학술논문

　　作为陆面过程中地气相互作用的重要过程之一，蒸散发(Evapotranspiration，ET)在地球的大气圈-水圈-生物圈中发挥着重要作用。利用遥感-过程耦合模型BEPS，以中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)数据和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料为主要输入，模拟分析了2007-2009年美国区域的地表ET，同时利用通量观测网AmeriFlux的站点观测数据验证该模型在ET模拟研究中的可靠性与适应。结果表明：12个站点通量实测值与BEPS模型模拟的ET值的相关系数为0.7297(P<0.05)，表明BEPS模型能够较好的模拟研究区的地表ET。ET在1年内呈现明显的单峰趋势，5-9月ET值较高，可达60 mm·mon-1以上，最小值在1月份，值为8.39 mm·mon-1，最大值在7月份，值为118.04 mm·mon-1。该区域ET的平均年总量为505 mm·a-1。受地形、气候的影响，ET最高值对应于南部区域，这些地区ET的年总量普遍在600 mm·a-1以上，最高值为1667 mm·a-1，对应的主要覆被类型为草地和农田；中北部和东部的大部分区域ET年总量为400~600 mm·a-1；ET最小值在西部区域，年总量小于400 mm·a-1，对应覆被类型为疏林地和混交林。降水量与ET差值呈现从东向西逐渐递减的趋势，最小值主要分布在西部沙漠。整个研究区域ET与降水量之比的平均值为0.72，由东向西基本呈现增加趋势，在西部以及中北部的部分地区比值达到最大。
　　작위륙면과정중지기상호작용적중요과정지일，증산발(Evapotranspiration，ET)재지구적대기권-수권-생물권중발휘착중요작용。이용요감-과정우합모형BEPS，이중분변솔성상광보의(MODIS)수거화NCEP/NCAR재분석자료위주요수입，모의분석료2007-2009년미국구역적지표ET，동시이용통량관측망AmeriFlux적참점관측수거험증해모형재ET모의연구중적가고성여괄응。결과표명：12개참점통량실측치여BEPS모형모의적ET치적상관계수위0.7297(P<0.05)，표명BEPS모형능구교호적모의연구구적지표ET。ET재1년내정현명현적단봉추세，5-9월ET치교고，가체60 mm·mon-1이상，최소치재1월빈，치위8.39 mm·mon-1，최대치재7월빈，치위118.04 mm·mon-1。해구역ET적평균년총량위505 mm·a-1。수지형、기후적영향，ET최고치대응우남부구역，저사지구ET적년총량보편재600 mm·a-1이상，최고치위1667 mm·a-1，대응적주요복피류형위초지화농전；중북부화동부적대부분구역ET년총량위400~600 mm·a-1；ET최소치재서부구역，년총량소우400 mm·a-1，대응복피류형위소임지화혼교림。강수량여ET차치정현종동향서축점체감적추세，최소치주요분포재서부사막。정개연구구역ET여강수량지비적평균치위0.72，유동향서기본정현증가추세，재서부이급중북부적부분지구비치체도최대。
As an important processes of the land and atmosphere interaction in land surface process, evapotranspiration (ET) plays an key role in the biosphere, atmosphere and hydrosphere. In this paper, the remote sensing process coupling model BEPS was used. The main inputs were the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data and the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis datas. We simulated and analyzed land surface evapotranspiration of the United States from 2007 to 2009. Meanwhile, the flux observation data of AmeriFlux was used to verify the reliability and applicability of the model in evapotranspiration simulation The results show that:the correlation coefficient of the land surface evapotranspiration between the BEPS model and the measured data was 0.729 7 (P<0.05), which mean that BEPS model could be well used in simulating the evapotranspiration in America. ET showed a single peak trend obviously within a year, which value was high from May to Septembe and more than 60 mm·mon-1. The minimum value was 8.39 mm·mon-1 in January, while maximum value was 18.04 mm·mon-1 in July. And the annual evapotranspiration was 505 mm·a-1. Influenced by topography, climate and evapotranspiration, the southern region mainly covered by grassland and farmland had the highest value, where annual evapotranspiration was generally above 600 mm·a-1 and the highest value was 1 667 mm·a-1. Annual evapotranspiration was 400-600 mm·a-1 in north-central area and Eastern area. The value of evapotranspiration in the western area where vegetation types were woodland and mixed forest., presented to be lowest among all area in America, which annual evapotranspiration was less than 400 mm·a-1. What's more, the value of precipitation minus ET showed a decreasing trend from eastern area to western area, which minimum value was mainly distributed in the western desert. The ratio of ET and precipitation was 0.72 increased from east to west, and reached the maximum value in western and north-central area.