气候与环境研究
氣候與環境研究
기후여배경연구
CLIMATIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
2013年
3期
329-341
,共13页
东亚夏季风%陆地生态系统碳循环%EOF
東亞夏季風%陸地生態繫統碳循環%EOF
동아하계풍%륙지생태계통탄순배%EOF
East Asian Monsoon%Terrestrial carbon cycle%EOF
东亚地区陆地生态系统的时空变率表现出明显的对季风气候的响应特征。使用EOF（经验正交分解）方法分析了AVIM2动态植被陆面模式离线模拟试验模拟的1953～2004年东亚季风区夏季陆地生态系统总初级生产力（GPP）、生态系统净初级生产力（NPP）、净生态系统初级生产力（NEP）、植被呼吸以及土壤呼吸的时空分布特点，探讨了东亚夏季风对陆地生态系统碳循环影响机制。研究发现，在强季风年，江淮地区高温少雨的特点限制了光合作用，造成GPP偏低；而华南地区在强季风年气候温暖湿润，利于植被生长，GPP偏高。季风对于植被呼吸和土壤呼吸影响不明显，使得GPP和植被呼吸之差NPP的变化及NPP和土壤呼吸之差NEP的变化与GPP的变化保持一致。在强季风年江淮流域地区干热的气候条件使得NPP和NEP降低；但是在华南地区温度升高的同时降水增多使得在NPP偏高的基础上NEP也偏高。
東亞地區陸地生態繫統的時空變率錶現齣明顯的對季風氣候的響應特徵。使用EOF（經驗正交分解）方法分析瞭AVIM2動態植被陸麵模式離線模擬試驗模擬的1953～2004年東亞季風區夏季陸地生態繫統總初級生產力（GPP）、生態繫統淨初級生產力（NPP）、淨生態繫統初級生產力（NEP）、植被呼吸以及土壤呼吸的時空分佈特點，探討瞭東亞夏季風對陸地生態繫統碳循環影響機製。研究髮現，在彊季風年，江淮地區高溫少雨的特點限製瞭光閤作用，造成GPP偏低；而華南地區在彊季風年氣候溫暖濕潤，利于植被生長，GPP偏高。季風對于植被呼吸和土壤呼吸影響不明顯，使得GPP和植被呼吸之差NPP的變化及NPP和土壤呼吸之差NEP的變化與GPP的變化保持一緻。在彊季風年江淮流域地區榦熱的氣候條件使得NPP和NEP降低；但是在華南地區溫度升高的同時降水增多使得在NPP偏高的基礎上NEP也偏高。
동아지구륙지생태계통적시공변솔표현출명현적대계풍기후적향응특정。사용EOF（경험정교분해）방법분석료AVIM2동태식피륙면모식리선모의시험모의적1953～2004년동아계풍구하계륙지생태계통총초급생산력（GPP）、생태계통정초급생산력（NPP）、정생태계통초급생산력（NEP）、식피호흡이급토양호흡적시공분포특점，탐토료동아하계풍대륙지생태계통탄순배영향궤제。연구발현，재강계풍년，강회지구고온소우적특점한제료광합작용，조성GPP편저；이화남지구재강계풍년기후온난습윤，리우식피생장，GPP편고。계풍대우식피호흡화토양호흡영향불명현，사득GPP화식피호흡지차NPP적변화급NPP화토양호흡지차NEP적변화여GPP적변화보지일치。재강계풍년강회류역지구간열적기후조건사득NPP화NEP강저；단시재화남지구온도승고적동시강수증다사득재NPP편고적기출상NEP야편고。
The temporal and spatial variability of the terrestrial ecosystem in the East Asia monsoon region reveals an obvious response characteristic to the monsoon climate. The Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) method is used to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of Gross Primary Production (GPP), Net Primary Production (NPP), Net Ecosystem Production (NEP), and vegetation and soil respiration in the summer terrestrial ecosystem of the East Asian monsoon region obtained for the period 1953–2004 by off-line simulation of the Atmosphere Vegetation Interaction Model version 2 (AVIM2). In addition, the mechanism of influences of the East Asian monsoon on the terrestrial carbon cycle is discussed. Results show that during strong monsoon years with lower amounts of rainfall and higher temperatures in the Yangtze–Huaihe River basin, such restricted rainfall limits photosynthesis, which leads to lower GPP values. In southern China, however, rainfall amounts and temperatures are higher, which leads to stronger vegetation and, thus, higher GPP values. Because the East Asia summer monsoon does not significantly influence both plant and soil respiration, the changes in NPP, which marks the difference between GPP and vegetation respiration, and in NEP, which marks the difference between NPP and soil respiration, are consistent with that of GPP. During the strong summer monsoon years a hot and dry climate condition in the Yangtze-Huaihe River basin reduces NPP and NEP, whereas in Southern China the hot but wet climate increases NPP and NEP.
