CAJ | 학술논문

　　目的评价酒曲发酵液对河豚毒素（TTX）的转化降解作用，探讨微生物转化降解 TTX 使之由剧毒变为毒性减弱乃至无毒的可能性。方法用牛津杯抑菌法考察 TTX 初始浓度，用离子色谱法定量考察培养时间、酒曲投加量、温度、摇床转速等方面对河豚毒素转化效果的影响，确定最优转化条件。在最优转化条件下，用小鼠生物法进一步考察酒曲发酵液对河豚毒素的转化效果。结果在选择 TTX 初始浓度的抑菌实验中，发现100 mg/L以内的 TTX 浓度不会对酒曲中的微生物产生毒性和抗性；转化实验过程中，随着培养时间的延长，TTX 的转化速率随之增加；酒曲投加量低于40 g 时，TTX 的平均降解速率与酒曲的投加量之间成正相关关系，但进一步增大酒曲投加量，对 TTX 平均转化速率的促进不明显；温度和摇床转速对 TTX 的微生物转化降解具有较大的影响，在30~35℃范围内，摇床转速为50 r/min 条件下，酒曲的转化降解能力最强；随着转化时间的延长，小鼠的死亡时间延长。结论酒曲发酵液对河豚毒素具有一定程度转化降解作用。
　　목적평개주곡발효액대하돈독소（TTX）적전화강해작용，탐토미생물전화강해 TTX 사지유극독변위독성감약내지무독적가능성。방법용우진배억균법고찰 TTX 초시농도，용리자색보법정량고찰배양시간、주곡투가량、온도、요상전속등방면대하돈독소전화효과적영향，학정최우전화조건。재최우전화조건하，용소서생물법진일보고찰주곡발효액대하돈독소적전화효과。결과재선택 TTX 초시농도적억균실험중，발현100 mg/L이내적 TTX 농도불회대주곡중적미생물산생독성화항성；전화실험과정중，수착배양시간적연장，TTX 적전화속솔수지증가；주곡투가량저우40 g 시，TTX 적평균강해속솔여주곡적투가량지간성정상관관계，단진일보증대주곡투가량，대 TTX 평균전화속솔적촉진불명현；온도화요상전속대 TTX 적미생물전화강해구유교대적영향，재30~35℃범위내，요상전속위50 r/min 조건하，주곡적전화강해능력최강；수착전화시간적연장，소서적사망시간연장。결론주곡발효액대하돈독소구유일정정도전화강해작용。
Objective To evaluate the effect of distiller's yeast fermentation broth on the biotransformation of tetrodotoxin (TTX). Methods With the established method of ion chromatography, the transformation experiment of TTX by distiller's yeast fermentation broth was studied. The effects of initial concentration of TTX, starter dosage of distiller's yeast fermentation broth, temperature and ventilation etc. on transformation efficiency were investigated in this experiment to determine the optimal conditions. And further investigation was made to confirm the transformation effect of distiller's yeast on TTX. Results Our results showed that when the TTX concentration was lower than 100 mg/L, it displayed little toxicity and resistance to microorganisms in distiller's yeast. The maximal transformation rate was achieved when the starter dosage of distiller's yeast fermentation broth was 40 g with an initial TTX concentration of 100 mg/L. When the dosage of distiller's yeast fermentation broth was lower than 40 g, the added dose was positively correlated with the average degradation rate of TTX. The optimal transformation rate of TTX could be achieved at the temperature range of 30 ~ 35 ℃, with shaker rotation speed of 50 r/min. Under the optimal conditions, effect of distiller's yeast fermentation broth on TTX transformation was investigated by mouse bioassay, and the mice death time was found to be extended in parallel with the transformation time. Conclusion As measured by ion chromatography method and mouse bioassay, distiller's yeast fermentation broth may contribute to the biotransformation to TTX.