CAJ | 학술논문

　　森林火灾是加拿大北方森林地区最主要的扰动因素，对北方生态系统起着主导作用。基于MODIS数据，采用全球扰动指数算法（MGDI），对加拿大萨斯喀彻温省和亚伯达省2004-2011年的森林火烧迹地进行检测和分析。通过与MODIS标准火烧迹地产品以及加拿大林业局数据进行比较，扰动指数算法检测的火烧迹地面积比MODIS标准产品更接近于林业局的统计数据。分析表明，在2004-2011年间，由于火灾原因，整个研究区森林面积平均每年减少76.36万hm2，占该区域森林总面积的3.36%。萨斯喀彻温省平均每年燃烧的森林面积为46.83万hm2，亚伯达省为29.53万hm2。其中，2006、2008、2010和2011年是火灾的高峰年份。火烧迹地主要集中在生态交错带的北方保护区、针叶林保护区、针叶林平原区，以及北方平原东北部的伍德布法罗国家森林保护区。
　　삼림화재시가나대북방삼임지구최주요적우동인소，대북방생태계통기착주도작용。기우MODIS수거，채용전구우동지수산법（MGDI），대가나대살사객철온성화아백체성2004-2011년적삼림화소적지진행검측화분석。통과여MODIS표준화소적지산품이급가나대임업국수거진행비교，우동지수산법검측적화소적지면적비MODIS표준산품경접근우임업국적통계수거。분석표명，재2004-2011년간，유우화재원인，정개연구구삼림면적평균매년감소76.36만hm2，점해구역삼림총면적적3.36%。살사객철온성평균매년연소적삼림면적위46.83만hm2，아백체성위29.53만hm2。기중，2006、2008、2010화2011년시화재적고봉년빈。화소적지주요집중재생태교착대적북방보호구、침협림보호구、침협림평원구，이급북방평원동북부적오덕포법라국가삼림보호구。
The boreal forest biome is one of the largest on earth, covering 17%of total land area. The major eco-systems within the boreal zone contain more than 30%of terrestrial carbon stores, thus representing a major com-ponent of the global carbon budget. Wildfires are a main disturbance factor in the Canadian boreal forests, which play an important role in boreal ecosystems. In this paper, we mapped the forest burned area in Saskatchewan and Alberta of Canada during 2004-2011, using two data sets of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiome-ter (MODIS) Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) imagery at 1 km resolu-tion. The MODIS global disturbance index algorithm (MGDI) was used to detect the forest burned area. It is based on the consistent radiometric relationship between annual maximum LST and the maximum EVI value that occurs after the LST during the same year at every pixel. The performance of the algorithm was evaluated by comparing the results with the MODIS MCD45A1 products and the inventory data from Forestry Bureau of Canada. The results show that the majority of fire events is captured by the MGDI techniques, and the burned ar-ea estimated by the fires pixels is better in good agreement with the inventory data than MODIS products. Com-pared with the Canadian Forestry Bureau data, the average relative error of our algorithm results is only 8.03%, while the MODIS product results is up to 70.53%. The results estimated that the average burned forest area is about 763 600 ha annually, which is about 3.36%of the total forest in this region. A mean annual burned forest is 468 300 ha for Saskatchewan and 295 300ha for Alberta respectively. The Canadian boreal forest fires show a significant interannual variation and severity, the burned scar mainly appeared in the years of 2006, 2008 and 2010-2011. Forest burned area mainly concentrated in the ecotone of the Boreal Shield, Taiga Shield, Taiga plains and the Wood Buffalo National Park located at the northeast of Boreal Plains.