CAJ | 학술논문

西北地区地域开阔、太阳资源丰富，有广泛分布的戈壁、沙漠、滩涂，是建设光伏电站的的良好场所。光伏电站在实际的长期户外使用中往往会碰到许多复杂的环境因素，其中，遮挡现象是影响电站发电特性的重要因素。该文首先阐述了光伏组件受到遮挡时的数学模型；同时，根据对某大型光伏电站的现场考察结果，总结了大型并网光伏电站的遮挡共性，分别是前后排阵列、配电装置、植被以及鸟粪遮挡，并在电站现场就不同类型的遮蔽物遮挡进行实验；结合光伏组件/串I-V特性测试仪的测试结果，验证了数学模型计算出来函数断点与实测的数据有一定的一致性；最后得出各种遮挡现象导致的电站发电量损失，并提出有效的防范措施，日后电站建设有一定的参考意义。
서북지구지역개활、태양자원봉부，유엄범분포적과벽、사막、탄도，시건설광복전참적적량호장소。광복전참재실제적장기호외사용중왕왕회팽도허다복잡적배경인소，기중，차당현상시영향전참발전특성적중요인소。해문수선천술료광복조건수도차당시적수학모형；동시，근거대모대형광복전참적현장고찰결과，총결료대형병망광복전참적차당공성，분별시전후배진렬、배전장치、식피이급조분차당，병재전참현장취불동류형적차폐물차당진행실험；결합광복조건/천I-V특성측시의적측시결과，험증료수학모형계산출래함수단점여실측적수거유일정적일치성；최후득출각충차당현상도치적전참발전량손실，병제출유효적방범조시，일후전참건설유일정적삼고의의。
The northwest area provides ideal situation for installing PV power systems with its rich solar resource and open area,such as Gobi desert.A prototype of a shaded photovoltaic module is presented. And then,the typical shading types are concluded,which is classified as front row shading,vegetation, wire poles and distribution rooms and birds dropping after longtime surveys and observation.The shading effects caused by some particular obstacles are measured and analyzed according to the field test on a 20-MW PV system.Reduction of the I-V and P-V characteristic has been observed and compared with the theoretical value.In the end,some suggestions on dealing with these shading problems in the installation and operation of the PV system are proposed.