CAJ | 학술논문

为充分了解玉米田养鹅生产方式的生产效率、环境负荷以及可持续发展能力，应用能值分析方法对玉米田养鹅生产方式和常规种植玉米生产方式进行比较研究.结果表明：玉米田养鹅处理的能值投资率、系统能值反馈率指标分别是对照处理的1.65倍和3.85倍；从环境负荷与可持续发展能力看，玉米田养鹅的环境负载率比对照处理低2.90，可持续发展能力指标比对照处理高20.56；从食品安全方面看，玉米田养鹅的基于能值产品安全性指标比对照处理高0.41；从生产效率看，玉米田养鹅处理的净能值产出率比对照处理低0.34，能值自给率比对照处理低0.06；从2种处理的经济效益看，玉米田养鹅处理的产投比值比对照处理低0.39，但其净收入是对照处理的2.02倍.总体上，玉米田养鹅处理在环境友好、经济效益和可持续能力等方面有较好的发展前景，但其在生产效率和自给方面有待进一步提高.
위충분료해옥미전양아생산방식적생산효솔、배경부하이급가지속발전능력，응용능치분석방법대옥미전양아생산방식화상규충식옥미생산방식진행비교연구.결과표명：옥미전양아처리적능치투자솔、계통능치반궤솔지표분별시대조처리적1.65배화3.85배；종배경부하여가지속발전능력간，옥미전양아적배경부재솔비대조처리저2.90，가지속발전능력지표비대조처리고20.56；종식품안전방면간，옥미전양아적기우능치산품안전성지표비대조처리고0.41；종생산효솔간，옥미전양아처리적정능치산출솔비대조처리저0.34，능치자급솔비대조처리저0.06；종2충처리적경제효익간，옥미전양아처리적산투비치비대조처리저0.39，단기정수입시대조처리적2.02배.총체상，옥미전양아처리재배경우호、경제효익화가지속능력등방면유교호적발전전경，단기재생산효솔화자급방면유대진일보제고.
Summary Corn is one of the main commercial crops in China,and the increase of its quality and productivity is the key to resolve the current problems of food shortage,resource bottleneck and food security.Raising geese in corn field(hereinafter referred to as RGICF) is a compound production pattern based on the principle of “agro-pastoral integration”,which was proposed in 201 1,and whose core content is compound production model which use the resources such as weeds,bottom leaves of crops,etc .in tillage system to raise poultry.However,there are still some unknown questions to be answered in a systematic way, such as the system productivity, environmental load and sustainability of the system,etc ,and these questions must be answered before the popularization of“agro-pastoral integration” technology.Energy analysis capable of accounting for both economic aspect and the natural contribution to production on a common basis,allowing meaningful comparison across different systems,has been applied in many cases and has been proved to be a powerful tool to assess ecological economic systems and processes,with special focus on the agricultural field. <br> With the purpose of gaining a thorough understanding of the productivity, environmental load and sustainability of RGICF,this study applied the approach of energy analysis to compare the RGICF treatment with the traditional pattern of corn planting (CK).According to the new development of energy methodology,the renewability factor of each item was incorporated.Energy indices such as energy investment ratio (EIR),energy yield ratio (EYR),energy self-supporting ratio (ESR),environmental loading ratio (ELR) and environmental sustainability index(ESI),feedback ratio of yield energy(FYE),energy index of product safety(EIPS) and the ratio of output to input were applied to characterize the resource use,production efficiency,environmental impact, the overall sustainability and the economic benefit of the studied systems. <br> The result showed that the EIR and FYE in RGICF were 1.65 and 3.85 times respectively as much as those of CK treatment.In the aspect of environmental load and sustainability,the ELR of RGICF treatment was 2.90 lower than that of CK treatment;and the ESI of RGICF treatment was 20.56 higher than that of CK treatment.In the aspect of product safety,the EIPS of RGICF treatment was 0.41 higher than that of CK treatment.In the aspect of the productivity,the EYR of RGICF treatment was 0.34 lower than that of CK treatment,and the ESR of RGICF treatment was 0.06 lower than that of CK treatment.In the aspect of the economic benefit,because of the high economic input,the ratio of output to input of RGICF treatment was 0.39 lower than that of CK treatment,but the net income of RGICF was 2.02 times as much as that of CK treatment. <br> In conclusion,the pattern of raising geese in corn field is promising in the terms of environmental load, economic benefits and system sustainability,but further improvement is still needed in production efficiency and self-sufficiency.