CAJ | 학술논문

为了解粤西地区龙眼与荔枝叶表皮和花粉微形态特征及其演化关系，利用扫描电子显微镜对粤西地区6个龙眼品种和6个荔枝品种的叶表皮及其花粉微形态进行观察。结果表明：龙眼、荔枝叶片下表皮有大量的乳状突，龙眼的乳状突为长形，荔枝的乳状突近半圆形；龙眼和荔枝不同品种叶片的下表皮气孔密度和气孔大小存在明显的差异；龙眼、荔枝品种的花粉都具有3条萌发沟，属 N3 P4 C5类型；供试品种的赤道面观大都为圆形至宽椭圆形，极面观呈三角形和三裂圆形；龙眼、荔枝供试品种间的花粉大小和表面纹饰等均有明显差别。说明龙眼和荔枝的叶表皮和花粉微形态特征可作为品种间分类的一个重要参考。
위료해월서지구용안여려지협표피화화분미형태특정급기연화관계，이용소묘전자현미경대월서지구6개용안품충화6개려지품충적협표피급기화분미형태진행관찰。결과표명：용안、려지협편하표피유대량적유상돌，용안적유상돌위장형，려지적유상돌근반원형；용안화려지불동품충협편적하표피기공밀도화기공대소존재명현적차이；용안、려지품충적화분도구유3조맹발구，속 N3 P4 C5류형；공시품충적적도면관대도위원형지관타원형，겁면관정삼각형화삼렬원형；용안、려지공시품충간적화분대소화표면문식등균유명현차별。설명용안화려지적협표피화화분미형태특정가작위품충간분류적일개중요삼고。
Summary Longan (Dimocarpus longana Lour.) and litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) are famous and special fruits in tropical and subtropical zones.Longan and litchi originate in China,which have been cultivated for more than 2 000 years and both hold abundant germplasm resources.There have been many scientific researches on longan and litchi.However,few systematic studies were conducted on comparison of leaf epidermis and pollen grains between longan and litchi.Therefore,the aim of this study is to compare the differences of leaf epidermis and pollen micromorphology among longan and litchi cultivars,and then to study their phylogenetic relationship. <br> The ultrastructures of leaf epidermis and pollen grains from six longan and six litchi cultivars in Western Guangdong Province were examined using scanning electron microscope, and their relationship with the phylogenetic evolution of the genuses was investigated. <br> The results showed that numerous protuberances could be observed on the lower epidermis. The protuberances of litchi were dome-shaped, and those of longan were long-shaped. There were significant differences in the stomatal densities and sizes of longan and litchi cultivars.The stomatal densities of six longan cultivars were 31 6.30 406.00 No./mm2 ,while those of six litchi cultivars were 5 1 9.00 655.20 No./mm2 .The stomatal lengths of six longan cultivars were 1 1.1 6 21.33 μm,while those of six litchi cultivars were 10.38 1 7.28 μm.The pollen grains of longan and litchi were tricolporate,belonged to N3 P4 C5 type according to Erdtman??s NPC system.These pollen grains were sub-spheroidal or wide ellipse in equatorial view,and 3-lobed sub-spheroidal or triangle in polar view.The polar axis lengths of pollen grains in six longan cultivars were 18.31 19.85 μm,while those in six litchi cultivars were 1 6.1 9 18.07 μm.The equatorial axis lengths of pollen grains in six longan cultivars was 21.36 24.33 μm,while those in six litchi cultivars were 1 9.22 21.47 μm.In addition, there were significant differences in some morphological aspects of pollen grains among longan and litchi cultivars, such as pollen size and colporate.The characteristic differences of leaf epidermis and pollen grains were obvious among longan and litchi cultivars. <br> Thus,it is suggested that the micromorphological characters of leaf epidermis and pollen grains are very important for cultivar differentiation in longan and litchi cultivars.Meanwhile,they can also provide valuable information for the study of taxonomy and phylogenesis among D.longana and L.chinensis cultivars.