CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解广东省地市级疾控中心卫生资源分布情况，为卫生资源的合理配置提供科学依据。方法：采用一般描述性方法，分析疾病预防控制中心（CDC）人员结构、财政投入等情况；采用基尼（Gini）系数测量CDC人力、财政投入、仪器设备等为代表的卫生资源分布的公平性。结果：广东省地市级CDC人员年龄构成以30~49岁为主，占69.5%，工作年限以10~19年占比最多，为29.0%；职称结构以初级和中级为主，分别占32.4%和28.3%，学历构成以本科居多，占37.9%，人员综合素质得分以珠三角地市级CDC最高，为7.75分。万元以上设备70.17%分布在珠三角。珠三角9地市CDC财政补助占总收入的59.54%，非珠三角12地市CDC财政补助占总收入的50.27%。按人口配置的地市级CDC人员数、万元设备、财政投入的基尼系数分别为0.234、0.390、0.536，在地理分布上均超过0.4；高素质人员人口分布、地理分布的基尼系数均达到或超过0.4。结论：广东省地市级CDC人员为“年富力强型”结构，珠三角地市级CDC占有的卫生资源明显优于非珠三角地区。卫生资源按人口配置的公平性高于按地理分布的公平性，人员总量的配置公平性值得肯定，设备配置公平性次之，财政投入不均衡是卫生资源配置的最主要问题。
목적：료해광동성지시급질공중심위생자원분포정황，위위생자원적합리배치제공과학의거。방법：채용일반묘술성방법，분석질병예방공제중심（CDC）인원결구、재정투입등정황；채용기니（Gini）계수측량CDC인력、재정투입、의기설비등위대표적위생자원분포적공평성。결과：광동성지시급CDC인원년령구성이30~49세위주，점69.5%，공작년한이10~19년점비최다，위29.0%；직칭결구이초급화중급위주，분별점32.4%화28.3%，학력구성이본과거다，점37.9%，인원종합소질득분이주삼각지시급CDC최고，위7.75분。만원이상설비70.17%분포재주삼각。주삼각9지시CDC재정보조점총수입적59.54%，비주삼각12지시CDC재정보조점총수입적50.27%。안인구배치적지시급CDC인원수、만원설비、재정투입적기니계수분별위0.234、0.390、0.536，재지리분포상균초과0.4；고소질인원인구분포、지리분포적기니계수균체도혹초과0.4。결론：광동성지시급CDC인원위“년부력강형”결구，주삼각지시급CDC점유적위생자원명현우우비주삼각지구。위생자원안인구배치적공평성고우안지리분포적공평성，인원총량적배치공평성치득긍정，설비배치공평성차지，재정투입불균형시위생자원배치적최주요문제。
Objective:To measure health resources allocation among prefecture Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDCs)in Guangdong province and to provide evidence for rational allocation of health resources. Methods:Employee structure and financial investment were analyzed by descriptive method. The equality of health resources allocation of CDCs,such as human resources,financial investment,instruments and equipment were measured by Gini coefficient. Results:Most of the employees were 30 to 49 years old,accounting for 69.5%of the total. Twenty-nine percent of employees had work experience of 10 to 19 years,32.4%and 28.3%of employees held primary and secondary professional title,respectively. Undergraduates accounted for 37.9%of all employees. The prefecture CDCs in Pearl River Delta regions had the highest score of personnel comprehensive quality with 7.75 points. A total of 70.17%of equipment with the value of over ten thousand RMB were allocated in Pearl River Delta region. The government financial subsidy was made up of 59.54%of gross revenue of 9 prefecture CDCs in Pearl River Delta region and 50.27%of other 12 prefecture CDCs. Gini coefficients of employees,equipment with the value of over ten thousand RMB and financial subsidy in prefecture CDCs were 0.234,0.390 and 0.536 in accordance with population distribution and it was over 0.4 based on geographic distribution. Gini coefficient of senior personnel in accordance with population or geographic distribution was 0.4 or more. Conclusion:In Guangdong province,employee structure of prefecture CDCs was described as energetic type. The health resources in Pearl River Delta region were better than those in other areas. Health resources were allocated more equitably relative to population distribution than to regions. The allocation of human resources was fairer than that of equipment. The key problem of health resources allocation was inequity of financial subsidy.