热带地理
熱帶地理
열대지리
TROPICAL GEOGRAPHY
2013年
6期
748-755
,共8页
壮族%水稻种植%水稻品种%环境适应
壯族%水稻種植%水稻品種%環境適應
장족%수도충식%수도품충%배경괄응
the Zhuang Nationality%rice planting%varieties of rice%adaptation to the environment
水稻种植过程中，常具有浓厚的环境适应的特征。分布在不同地貌区的壮族是典型的稻作民族，已充分意识到所在地区气候、土壤等自然地理环境对水稻种植的深刻影响。为适应自然地理环境，发挥最大的生产效益，山居壮族多选择种植生长期较长、耐寒、耐肥的粳稻为主；在平原丘陵地区的壮族则以种植生长期短的籼稻居多；为适应岩溶山区干旱少水、不利于灌溉的环境，当地壮族则多种陆稻，但由于陆稻口感不佳以及所在地区人地关系由宽趋紧，导致陆稻在壮族种植结构中的地位不断下降。此外，壮族在生活中对水稻用途的定位，也影响到水稻品种的选择与种植。
水稻種植過程中，常具有濃厚的環境適應的特徵。分佈在不同地貌區的壯族是典型的稻作民族，已充分意識到所在地區氣候、土壤等自然地理環境對水稻種植的深刻影響。為適應自然地理環境，髮揮最大的生產效益，山居壯族多選擇種植生長期較長、耐寒、耐肥的粳稻為主；在平原丘陵地區的壯族則以種植生長期短的秈稻居多；為適應巖溶山區榦旱少水、不利于灌溉的環境，噹地壯族則多種陸稻，但由于陸稻口感不佳以及所在地區人地關繫由寬趨緊，導緻陸稻在壯族種植結構中的地位不斷下降。此外，壯族在生活中對水稻用途的定位，也影響到水稻品種的選擇與種植。
수도충식과정중，상구유농후적배경괄응적특정。분포재불동지모구적장족시전형적도작민족，이충분의식도소재지구기후、토양등자연지리배경대수도충식적심각영향。위괄응자연지리배경，발휘최대적생산효익，산거장족다선택충식생장기교장、내한、내비적갱도위주；재평원구릉지구적장족칙이충식생장기단적선도거다；위괄응암용산구간한소수、불리우관개적배경，당지장족칙다충륙도，단유우륙도구감불가이급소재지구인지관계유관추긴，도치륙도재장족충식결구중적지위불단하강。차외，장족재생활중대수도용도적정위，야영향도수도품충적선택여충식。
The Zhuang is a typical rice planting nationality in China. Rice planting in the Zhuang area is characterized by its strong adaptation to the environment. In different geomorphic regions, the Zhuang people have been fully aware of the profound influence of natural geographical environment, climate and soil on rice planting. In order to adapt their planting to the natural geographical environment and achieve maximum production efficiency, the Zhuang people who live in mountain area always choose to plant Japonica rice which grows for a longer growth period and is cold-resistant and infertility-endurable, while those who live in river valley and hilly area always choose to plant indica rice which grows for a shorter period . In Karst mountain areas suffering from water deficiency and drought, the local Zhuang people usually plant upland rice. However, as the upland rice tastes poor and the relation between people and land is changing from comfortable to tight, the upland rice planting status is falling in Zhuang’s planting structure. In addition, the position of the rice used in Zhuang’s life also affects the selection and planting of rice varieties.
