CAJ | 학술논문

话说结构的探讨可追溯到维尔的“起始-目的”说。甲柏连孜首先就汉语事实提出“心理主语-心理谓语”结构，并且是三个平面理论的初创者。为反对模仿“主-谓”框架，陈承泽曾提出“标语-说明语”框架。直到霍凯特讨论了英语和汉语中的话题现象，赵元任受其启迪才主张汉语主-谓的语法意义是话题-说明。李纳等依据类型说提出汉语是话题凸显型语言，刘宏谟则依据海外汉语教学实践提出“引-申”分析法。汉语有S、T、V、O四个基本句法成分的观点，既损坏了传统语法系统的自恰性，又拆散了话说结构自身的匹配性。本文基于“名词牵头说”和话题语-说明语的匹配关系，提出了“范畴系统＋匹配框架”研究的新思路。
화설결구적탐토가추소도유이적“기시-목적”설。갑백련자수선취한어사실제출“심리주어-심리위어”결구，병차시삼개평면이론적초창자。위반대모방“주-위”광가，진승택증제출“표어-설명어”광가。직도곽개특토론료영어화한어중적화제현상，조원임수기계적재주장한어주-위적어법의의시화제-설명。리납등의거류형설제출한어시화제철현형어언，류굉모칙의거해외한어교학실천제출“인-신”분석법。한어유S、T、V、O사개기본구법성분적관점，기손배료전통어법계통적자흡성，우탁산료화설결구자신적필배성。본문기우“명사견두설”화화제어-설명어적필배관계，제출료“범주계통＋필배광가”연구적신사로。
The investigation of topic-comment structure can be traced back to the theory of“initiation-purpose”proposed by Weil. Gabelentz is the first scholar introducing the structure of“psychological subject-psychological predicate”in terms of Chinese language,and the pioneering innovator suggesting the three-plane theory. In order to oppose the imitation of“subject-predicate”framework,Chen Chengze put forward a“target-comment”framework. Inspired by Hocketts discussion of the topic in English and Chinese,Chao Yen-Ren claimed that the grammatical sense of subject-predicate is a“top-ic-comment”. Charles N. Li proposed that Chinese is a topic-prominent language based on language typology. According to the Chinese teaching practice outside China,Liu Hongmo put forward the anal-ysis of“topic-state”. This paper disagrees with Xu and Lius position that Chinese has four basic syn-tactic elements of S,T,V,O. In addition,owing to the“Initial-NP Determinism”and the matching relationship of the topic-comment,this paper proposes a new perspective in topic-comment research with a combination of categorization systems and matching frames.