CAJ | 학술논문

自动调焦作为显微图像测量中的关键技术，其核心为图像清晰度评价函数。现有图像清晰度评价函数在对焦目标与背景的对比度较低时，评价曲线极易失去其理想特性，或灵敏度下降，造成聚焦精度的降低；或出现多个局部极值，造成调焦失败。针对这一问题，在分析离焦图像成像原理的基础上，提出一种新的基于图像矩的图像清晰度评价函数，并给出定义。新的评价函数由不同阶的图像矩加权构成，通过调节权重系数可以灵活控制评价函数的灵敏度和抗噪性。通过微小透明球体的显微图像序列对新的评价函数进行实验验证，并和4种常用评价函数进行分析比较。实验结果证明，在低对比度条件下，相对于其他4种常用评价函数，基于图像矩的图像清晰度评价函数在有效保持了如单峰性、无偏性等理想曲线特性的同时，在灵敏度及抗噪性方面也具有明显优势。
자동조초작위현미도상측량중적관건기술，기핵심위도상청석도평개함수。현유도상청석도평개함수재대초목표여배경적대비도교저시，평개곡선겁역실거기이상특성，혹령민도하강，조성취초정도적강저；혹출현다개국부겁치，조성조초실패。침대저일문제，재분석리초도상성상원리적기출상，제출일충신적기우도상구적도상청석도평개함수，병급출정의。신적평개함수유불동계적도상구가권구성，통과조절권중계수가이령활공제평개함수적령민도화항조성。통과미소투명구체적현미도상서렬대신적평개함수진행실험험증，병화4충상용평개함수진행분석비교。실험결과증명，재저대비도조건하，상대우기타4충상용평개함수，기우도상구적도상청석도평개함수재유효보지료여단봉성、무편성등이상곡선특성적동시，재령민도급항조성방면야구유명현우세。
Auto-focusing as the key technology of microscopic image measurement, its core is image definition evaluation function. When the contrast between focus target and background is relatively low, evaluation curves of existing image definition evaluation functions are inclined to lose their ideal characteristics with low sensitivity,which came the decrease of focusing accuracy, or the multiple of local extremums, resulting in the failure of focusing. Targeting at such problem,a new image definition evaluation function based on image moments is proposed on account of analyzing the image-forming principle of out-of-focus image,and its definition is presented. New evaluation function is composed by the weighting of image moments of different order,and the sensitivity and noise immunity of evaluation function could be flexibly controlled by adjusting weighting coefficient. Experimental verification on the new evaluation function was carried out by the microscopic image sequence of tiny transparent sphere. In addition,the analysis and comparison between the new evaluation function and four common evaluation functions were conducted. Experiment result shows that under low contrast, as compared to other four common evaluation functions, the image resolution evaluation function based on image moments not only effectively maintains ideal curve characteristics such as unimodality and unbiasedness,but also has obvious advantages in the aspects of sensitivity and noise immunity.