CAJ | 학술논문

设施蔬菜连续栽培使有机基质地力严重下降，为维持有机基质的可持续栽培利用，向温室多茬栽培后的连作有机基质中添加腐熟秸秆，研究了添加秸秆对连作有机基质的修复效果。结果表明：与不添加秸秆的连作有机基质比较，添加秸秆使有机基质容重下降25.0%～30.4%，总孔隙度提高，有机质含量增加，且有机质含量随着秸秆施入量的增加而增大；添加秸秆提高了基质中速效氮、速效磷、速效钾的含量，其中以连作有机基质∶腐熟玉米秸秆=1V∶2V的基质中全氮、全磷及速效氮、速效磷含量最高。添加秸秆可使春季早晨基质地温提高0.80～1.50℃，但基质的含氧量明显降低，以连作有机基质∶腐熟小麦秸秆=1V∶2V的基质含氧量最低。连作有机基质中添加秸秆明显提高了黄瓜植株生长量、叶绿素含量和根系活力，增加了产量，改善了果实品质，以连作有机基质∶腐熟小麦秸秆=1V∶1V处理的黄瓜产量增加最多，与对照相比增加20.87%。因此多茬栽培的连作有机基质中添加秸秆可以显著改善基质理化性质，提高黄瓜产量。综合效果以连作有机基质∶小麦秸秆=1V∶1V的处理进行黄瓜栽培效果最好。
설시소채련속재배사유궤기질지력엄중하강，위유지유궤기질적가지속재배이용，향온실다치재배후적련작유궤기질중첨가부숙갈간，연구료첨가갈간대련작유궤기질적수복효과。결과표명：여불첨가갈간적련작유궤기질비교，첨가갈간사유궤기질용중하강25.0%～30.4%，총공극도제고，유궤질함량증가，차유궤질함량수착갈간시입량적증가이증대；첨가갈간제고료기질중속효담、속효린、속효갑적함량，기중이련작유궤기질∶부숙옥미갈간=1V∶2V적기질중전담、전린급속효담、속효린함량최고。첨가갈간가사춘계조신기질지온제고0.80～1.50℃，단기질적함양량명현강저，이련작유궤기질∶부숙소맥갈간=1V∶2V적기질함양량최저。련작유궤기질중첨가갈간명현제고료황과식주생장량、협록소함량화근계활력，증가료산량，개선료과실품질，이련작유궤기질∶부숙소맥갈간=1V∶1V처리적황과산량증가최다，여대조상비증가20.87%。인차다치재배적련작유궤기질중첨가갈간가이현저개선기질이화성질，제고황과산량。종합효과이련작유궤기질∶소맥갈간=1V∶1V적처리진행황과재배효과최호。
The soil fertility of organic substrate is severely declined by continuous cultivation in facilities.In order to maintain the sustainable cultivation and utilization of organic substrate, rotten straw is added to continuous cultivated organic substrate in solar greenhouse.This paper studied the remediation effect of adding straw on continuous cultivated organic substrate.The results show that the bulk density of organic substrate added with composed straw decreased by 25.0%-30.4%,compared to continuous cultivated organic substrate,the total porosity is increased,and the substrate organic matter contents are increased,which will increase along with the increase of straw application quantity.The available N,P,K contents in substrate are all increased by adding straw.The total N,P contents and available N,P of organic substrate∶maize stalk=1V∶2V is the highest.By adding straw the substrate temperature in the morning of spring is 0.80-1.50 ℃ higher than that of continuous cultivated organic substrate.Whereas the oxygen concentration is declined remarkably,and organic substrate∶wheat straw = 1V∶2V is the lowest.By adding straw to continuous cultivated organic substrate,the plant growth,chlorophyll contents and root system vigor of cultivated cucumber are remarkably improved,its yield is increased and fruit quality is also improved.The cucumber yield in the treatment with organic substrate∶wheat straw=1V∶1V is the highest,which is increased by 20.87%than that of the continuous cultivated organic substrate.Therefore,adding straw to continuous cultivated organic substrate can significantly improve the physicochemical characteristics of organic substrate,and increase the yield of cucumber.The comprehensive result of treatment organic substrate∶wheat straw=1V∶1V is the best.